Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Ancylostoma caninum </it>third-stage larvae are the non-feeding infective stage of this parasite and are able to infect potential hosts via different infection routes. Since percutaneous infection is one of the most i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
| Online Access: | http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/7 |
| _version_ | 1818833161922019328 |
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| author | Welz Claudia Epe Christian Strube Christina Franke Daniela Schnieder Thomas |
| author_facet | Welz Claudia Epe Christian Strube Christina Franke Daniela Schnieder Thomas |
| author_sort | Welz Claudia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Ancylostoma caninum </it>third-stage larvae are the non-feeding infective stage of this parasite and are able to infect potential hosts via different infection routes. Since percutaneous infection is one of the most important routes and skin penetration is the first step into parasitic life, an existing <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous migration was modified and evaluated. The main parameter used to evaluate migration was the migration ratio (migrated larvae as a percentage of total number of larvae recovered). Additionally, the skin lag was calculated, expressing the percentage of larvae remaining in the skin and therefore not being recovered. Since initiation of feeding is proposed to be an important step in the transition from free-living to parasitic <it>A. caninum </it>larvae, feeding assays were performed with <it>in vitro </it>percutaneously migrated larvae. Additionally, infective larvae of <it>A. caninum </it>were activated via serum-stimulation and feeding behaviour was analysed and compared between percutaneously migrated and serum-stimulated larvae.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Maximum skin migration levels of infective larvae were observed at temperatures above 32°C when larvae were placed on the epidermal side of skin for more than 12 hours. The medium beneath the skin had no effect on migration ratio, and no significant difference between the migration ratios through fresh and frozen/thawed skin was observed.</p> <p>Maximum feeding levels of 93.2% were observed for percutaneously migrated larvae after 48 h incubation, whereas serum-stimulated larvae reached the maximum of 91.0% feeding larvae after 24 h.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The PERL chamber system was optimised and standardised as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous migration. The larvae recovered after percutaneous migration showed characteristic signs of activation similar to that of serum-stimulated larvae. The observed difference in time course of resumption of feeding indicates that percutaneously migrated larvae are not identical to serum-stimulated larvae, which are currently representing the model for early parasitic stages.</p> |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b053bad5bb649c4b7362528f99203fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T02:14:32Z |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b053bad5bb649c4b7362528f99203fb2022-12-21T20:40:29ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052011-01-0141710.1186/1756-3305-4-7Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it>Welz ClaudiaEpe ChristianStrube ChristinaFranke DanielaSchnieder Thomas<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Ancylostoma caninum </it>third-stage larvae are the non-feeding infective stage of this parasite and are able to infect potential hosts via different infection routes. Since percutaneous infection is one of the most important routes and skin penetration is the first step into parasitic life, an existing <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous migration was modified and evaluated. The main parameter used to evaluate migration was the migration ratio (migrated larvae as a percentage of total number of larvae recovered). Additionally, the skin lag was calculated, expressing the percentage of larvae remaining in the skin and therefore not being recovered. Since initiation of feeding is proposed to be an important step in the transition from free-living to parasitic <it>A. caninum </it>larvae, feeding assays were performed with <it>in vitro </it>percutaneously migrated larvae. Additionally, infective larvae of <it>A. caninum </it>were activated via serum-stimulation and feeding behaviour was analysed and compared between percutaneously migrated and serum-stimulated larvae.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Maximum skin migration levels of infective larvae were observed at temperatures above 32°C when larvae were placed on the epidermal side of skin for more than 12 hours. The medium beneath the skin had no effect on migration ratio, and no significant difference between the migration ratios through fresh and frozen/thawed skin was observed.</p> <p>Maximum feeding levels of 93.2% were observed for percutaneously migrated larvae after 48 h incubation, whereas serum-stimulated larvae reached the maximum of 91.0% feeding larvae after 24 h.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The PERL chamber system was optimised and standardised as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous migration. The larvae recovered after percutaneous migration showed characteristic signs of activation similar to that of serum-stimulated larvae. The observed difference in time course of resumption of feeding indicates that percutaneously migrated larvae are not identical to serum-stimulated larvae, which are currently representing the model for early parasitic stages.</p>http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/7 |
| spellingShingle | Welz Claudia Epe Christian Strube Christina Franke Daniela Schnieder Thomas Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> Parasites & Vectors |
| title | Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> |
| title_full | Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> |
| title_fullStr | Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> |
| title_short | Larval migration in PERL chambers as an <it>in vitro </it>model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm <it>Ancylostoma caninum</it> |
| title_sort | larval migration in perl chambers as an it in vitro it model for percutaneous infection stimulates feeding in the canine hookworm it ancylostoma caninum it |
| url | http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/4/1/7 |
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