Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags
In this experiment, a quaternary fluorine-free refining slag system of CaO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MgO was selected, with basicity ratios of 2, 4, and 6 and calcium-aluminum ratios of 1.5, 2.1, and 3. High-temperature “slag-steel equilibrium” e...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/9/1592 |
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| author | Ting Liang Zhuo Qin Linzhu Wang |
| author_facet | Ting Liang Zhuo Qin Linzhu Wang |
| author_sort | Ting Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this experiment, a quaternary fluorine-free refining slag system of CaO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MgO was selected, with basicity ratios of 2, 4, and 6 and calcium-aluminum ratios of 1.5, 2.1, and 3. High-temperature “slag-steel equilibrium” experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different basicity ratios and calcium–aluminum ratios on the morphologies, compositions, sizes, and quantities of the inclusions in H13 steel, aiming to improve the cleanliness of H13 steel to meet practical industrial requirements. The experimental results showed that with the increase in the basicity ratio and the calcium–aluminum ratio, the morphologies of the inclusions changed from elliptical to regular circular, with more regular edges. As the basicity ratio increased from 2 to 6, the densities of the inclusions showed a decreasing trend, with values of 40, 35, 30, 25, 32, and 30 inclusions/mm<sup>2</sup>. When the basicity ratio remained the same, the average size of the inclusions in the steel decreased first and then increased with the increases in the calcium–aluminum ratios, with sizes of 1.59 μm, 1.23 μm, and 1.38 μm, respectively. Among these, when the basicity ratio was 6 and the calcium–aluminum ratio was 2.1, the control effect on the densities and sizes of the inclusions was the best, yielding an inclusion density of 25 inclusions/mm<sup>2</sup> and a size of 1.15 μm. Additionally, reducing the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in the slag could reduce the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents in the inclusions, which also promoted improvements in the elastic deformation capacities of the inclusions. With increases in the calcium–aluminum ratios in the slag system, the masses of the inclusions decreased due to the reduced Al contents in the steel. The Al contents in the steel also had an impact on the compositions of the inclusions. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5b0eafe3d19c45b483fdf02b9868ab9d2023-11-19T11:57:06ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-09-01139159210.3390/met13091592Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining SlagsTing Liang0Zhuo Qin1Linzhu Wang2College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, ChinaCollege of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, ChinaCollege of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaIn this experiment, a quaternary fluorine-free refining slag system of CaO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MgO was selected, with basicity ratios of 2, 4, and 6 and calcium-aluminum ratios of 1.5, 2.1, and 3. High-temperature “slag-steel equilibrium” experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different basicity ratios and calcium–aluminum ratios on the morphologies, compositions, sizes, and quantities of the inclusions in H13 steel, aiming to improve the cleanliness of H13 steel to meet practical industrial requirements. The experimental results showed that with the increase in the basicity ratio and the calcium–aluminum ratio, the morphologies of the inclusions changed from elliptical to regular circular, with more regular edges. As the basicity ratio increased from 2 to 6, the densities of the inclusions showed a decreasing trend, with values of 40, 35, 30, 25, 32, and 30 inclusions/mm<sup>2</sup>. When the basicity ratio remained the same, the average size of the inclusions in the steel decreased first and then increased with the increases in the calcium–aluminum ratios, with sizes of 1.59 μm, 1.23 μm, and 1.38 μm, respectively. Among these, when the basicity ratio was 6 and the calcium–aluminum ratio was 2.1, the control effect on the densities and sizes of the inclusions was the best, yielding an inclusion density of 25 inclusions/mm<sup>2</sup> and a size of 1.15 μm. Additionally, reducing the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in the slag could reduce the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents in the inclusions, which also promoted improvements in the elastic deformation capacities of the inclusions. With increases in the calcium–aluminum ratios in the slag system, the masses of the inclusions decreased due to the reduced Al contents in the steel. The Al contents in the steel also had an impact on the compositions of the inclusions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/9/1592H13 steelfluorine-free refining slagalkali ratiocalcium–aluminum ratioinclusions |
| spellingShingle | Ting Liang Zhuo Qin Linzhu Wang Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags Metals H13 steel fluorine-free refining slag alkali ratio calcium–aluminum ratio inclusions |
| title | Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags |
| title_full | Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags |
| title_short | Effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on Inclusion Removal in H13 Steels Using High-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags |
| title_sort | effect of al sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub on inclusion removal in h13 steels using high basicity lf ladle furnace refining slags |
| topic | H13 steel fluorine-free refining slag alkali ratio calcium–aluminum ratio inclusions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/9/1592 |
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