Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/9/4/79 |
| _version_ | 1827673007007465472 |
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| author | Ahamed A Khalyfa Shil Punatar Rida Aslam Alex Yarbrough |
| author_facet | Ahamed A Khalyfa Shil Punatar Rida Aslam Alex Yarbrough |
| author_sort | Ahamed A Khalyfa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting the role of inflammation in colorectal cancer formation. Multiple cytokines, immune cells such T cells and macrophages, and other immune mediators have been identified in pathways leading to the initiation, growth, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Outside the previously explored mechanisms and pathways leading to colorectal cancer, initiatives have been shifted to further study the role of inflammation in pathogenesis. Inflammatory pathways have also been linked to some traditional risk factors of colorectal cancer such as obesity, smoking and diabetes, as well as more novel associations such as the gut microbiome, the gut mycobiome and exosomes. In this review, we will explore the roles of obesity and diet, smoking, diabetes, the microbiome, the mycobiome and exosomes in colorectal cancer, with a specific focus on the underlying inflammatory and metabolic pathways involved. We will also investigate how the study of colon cancer from an inflammatory background not only creates a more holistic and inclusive understanding of this disease, but also creates unique opportunities for prevention, early diagnosis and therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:17:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b2017a468be49c197600d2d9ed508cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9721 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:17:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b2017a468be49c197600d2d9ed508cf2023-11-23T07:55:50ZengMDPI AGDiseases2079-97212021-10-01947910.3390/diseases9040079Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal CancerAhamed A Khalyfa0Shil Punatar1Rida Aslam2Alex Yarbrough3Department of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USADepartment of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USADepartment of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USADepartment of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USAColorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting the role of inflammation in colorectal cancer formation. Multiple cytokines, immune cells such T cells and macrophages, and other immune mediators have been identified in pathways leading to the initiation, growth, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Outside the previously explored mechanisms and pathways leading to colorectal cancer, initiatives have been shifted to further study the role of inflammation in pathogenesis. Inflammatory pathways have also been linked to some traditional risk factors of colorectal cancer such as obesity, smoking and diabetes, as well as more novel associations such as the gut microbiome, the gut mycobiome and exosomes. In this review, we will explore the roles of obesity and diet, smoking, diabetes, the microbiome, the mycobiome and exosomes in colorectal cancer, with a specific focus on the underlying inflammatory and metabolic pathways involved. We will also investigate how the study of colon cancer from an inflammatory background not only creates a more holistic and inclusive understanding of this disease, but also creates unique opportunities for prevention, early diagnosis and therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/9/4/79colorectal cancerinflammationexosomesobesity and dietmicrobiomemycobiome |
| spellingShingle | Ahamed A Khalyfa Shil Punatar Rida Aslam Alex Yarbrough Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer Diseases colorectal cancer inflammation exosomes obesity and diet microbiome mycobiome |
| title | Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full | Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer |
| title_short | Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer |
| title_sort | exploring the inflammatory pathogenesis of colorectal cancer |
| topic | colorectal cancer inflammation exosomes obesity and diet microbiome mycobiome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/9/4/79 |
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