The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory
Environmental pollution from industrial factories via air deposition is an urgent problem worldwide. Phosphate fertilizers, derived from rock phosphate, are characterized by the presence of potentially toxic elements, such as Zn, Co, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Cu, which are dispersed in the form of sol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3063 |
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| author | Andrey Litvinovich Anton Lavrishchev Vladimir M. Bure Sagadat Turebayeva Sayagul Kenzhegulova Ayan Dutbayev Nazira Slyamova Aigul Zhapparova Elmira Saljnikov |
| author_facet | Andrey Litvinovich Anton Lavrishchev Vladimir M. Bure Sagadat Turebayeva Sayagul Kenzhegulova Ayan Dutbayev Nazira Slyamova Aigul Zhapparova Elmira Saljnikov |
| author_sort | Andrey Litvinovich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Environmental pollution from industrial factories via air deposition is an urgent problem worldwide. Phosphate fertilizers, derived from rock phosphate, are characterized by the presence of potentially toxic elements, such as Zn, Co, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Cu, which are dispersed in the form of solid dust-like materials from the pipes of the factory. This study aimed to investigate the effects of airborne industrial emissions on the chemical and biochemical compositions of cotton grown in the immediate vicinity of a fertilizer factory in Uzbekistan. The composition of airborne dust deposited on the plants, the chemical composition of the cotton leaves before and after washing, as well as that of above- and below-ground plant organs, and their protein contents were determined. The concentrations of macro- and microelements in the leaves and roots were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The fluorine contents in the leaves and in the roots were determined using a fluorine-selective electrode. The radius of dispersion of industrial emissions in the air was best described by measuring the fluorine contents in washed and unwashed cotton leaves. The relationships among P, K, Mg, Ca, S, F, and Mn in plant roots and leaves as a function of distance from the pollutant source were analyzed. Based on the fluorine contents in washed and unwashed cotton leaves, the two following zones of technogenic pollution were distinguished: the zone < 5 km from the factory, with high technogenic pollution, and the zone > 5 km from the factory, with moderate technogenic pollution. It was found that the resistance of cotton to air pollution from industrial emissions is determined by the ability of cotton plants to neutralize toxic compounds by increasing the influx of alkaline earth metals into the affected tissues. This study showed the possibility of growing cotton at a distance of >5 km from the fertilizer factory. It is strongly recommended to analyze the chemical composition of plants located in a highly polluted zone only after the dust particles have been washed off of the plant’s surface. Despite the resilience of cotton to industrial pollution, the monitoring of areas identified as pollution zones is recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:04:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b4255ff81634ba4ab39205d1878276b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:04:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b4255ff81634ba4ab39205d1878276b2023-12-22T13:46:50ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-12-011312306310.3390/agronomy13123063The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production FactoryAndrey Litvinovich0Anton Lavrishchev1Vladimir M. Bure2Sagadat Turebayeva3Sayagul Kenzhegulova4Ayan Dutbayev5Nazira Slyamova6Aigul Zhapparova7Elmira Saljnikov8Agrophysical Research Institute, Grazhdanskya 14, 195220 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, Peterburgskoye 2, 196601 St. Petersburg, RussiaAgrophysical Research Institute, Grazhdanskya 14, 195220 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Abai Avenue 8, Almaty 050010, KazakhstanDepartment of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Ave. Zhenis 62, Nur-Sultan 010000, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Erlepesova Street 1, Almalybak 040909, Almaty, KazakhstanKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Erlepesova Street 1, Almalybak 040909, Almaty, KazakhstanDepartment of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Abai Avenue 8, Almaty 050010, KazakhstanMitscherlich Academy for Soil Fertility (MITAK) Prof.-Mitscherlich-Allee 1, 14641 Paulinenaue, GermanyEnvironmental pollution from industrial factories via air deposition is an urgent problem worldwide. Phosphate fertilizers, derived from rock phosphate, are characterized by the presence of potentially toxic elements, such as Zn, Co, Pb, Ni, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Cu, which are dispersed in the form of solid dust-like materials from the pipes of the factory. This study aimed to investigate the effects of airborne industrial emissions on the chemical and biochemical compositions of cotton grown in the immediate vicinity of a fertilizer factory in Uzbekistan. The composition of airborne dust deposited on the plants, the chemical composition of the cotton leaves before and after washing, as well as that of above- and below-ground plant organs, and their protein contents were determined. The concentrations of macro- and microelements in the leaves and roots were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The fluorine contents in the leaves and in the roots were determined using a fluorine-selective electrode. The radius of dispersion of industrial emissions in the air was best described by measuring the fluorine contents in washed and unwashed cotton leaves. The relationships among P, K, Mg, Ca, S, F, and Mn in plant roots and leaves as a function of distance from the pollutant source were analyzed. Based on the fluorine contents in washed and unwashed cotton leaves, the two following zones of technogenic pollution were distinguished: the zone < 5 km from the factory, with high technogenic pollution, and the zone > 5 km from the factory, with moderate technogenic pollution. It was found that the resistance of cotton to air pollution from industrial emissions is determined by the ability of cotton plants to neutralize toxic compounds by increasing the influx of alkaline earth metals into the affected tissues. This study showed the possibility of growing cotton at a distance of >5 km from the fertilizer factory. It is strongly recommended to analyze the chemical composition of plants located in a highly polluted zone only after the dust particles have been washed off of the plant’s surface. Despite the resilience of cotton to industrial pollution, the monitoring of areas identified as pollution zones is recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3063cottonindustrial pollutionfluorinesulfurplant tissuesmicroelements |
| spellingShingle | Andrey Litvinovich Anton Lavrishchev Vladimir M. Bure Sagadat Turebayeva Sayagul Kenzhegulova Ayan Dutbayev Nazira Slyamova Aigul Zhapparova Elmira Saljnikov The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory Agronomy cotton industrial pollution fluorine sulfur plant tissues microelements |
| title | The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory |
| title_full | The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory |
| title_fullStr | The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory |
| title_short | The Supply of Macro- and Microelements to Cotton Plants at Different Distances from a Fertilizer Production Factory |
| title_sort | supply of macro and microelements to cotton plants at different distances from a fertilizer production factory |
| topic | cotton industrial pollution fluorine sulfur plant tissues microelements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/3063 |
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