Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale
Considering the therapeutic potential of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. essential oil and the great value in the pharmaceutical market, this study aims to evaluate the influence of plant age on the chemical composition and biological activities of <i>V. curassavica</i> Jac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/2/373 |
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| author | Jéssica Pires Farias Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho Daniel Carneiro Moreira David Fernandes Lima Massimo Lucarini Alessandra Durazzo Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite |
| author_facet | Jéssica Pires Farias Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho Daniel Carneiro Moreira David Fernandes Lima Massimo Lucarini Alessandra Durazzo Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite |
| author_sort | Jéssica Pires Farias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Considering the therapeutic potential of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. essential oil and the great value in the pharmaceutical market, this study aims to evaluate the influence of plant age on the chemical composition and biological activities of <i>V. curassavica</i> Jacq. essential oil. The plant age is a parameter that can influence the chemical composition of the essential oil, as well as its pharmacological potential. For this purpose, essential oils from aerial parts of <i>V. curassavica</i> produced at different ages (4, 10, 14 and 18 months-age) were used. According to chromatograms obtained by GC-MS, the essential oils were mainly composed of α-pinene, <i>trans</i>-caryophyllene, α-santalene, alloaromadendrene and α-humulene. The chemical composition of <i>V. curassavica</i> essential oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively with the aging of the plants, and the essential oils from plants at 18 month-age appeared to be the most distinct from the others. The tested essential oil samples showed inhibitory activity against <i>Candida albicans</i> (MIC = 1000 µg/mL) but did not show antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. The cytotoxic activity levels against the murine macrophages varied among the oils extracted from the plants at different ages; the IC<sub>50</sub> values of the essential oils increased with age (171.90 µg/mL at 18 month-age). More studies should be carried out to assess whether age also affects the therapeutic effects of essential oils, resulting in the manufacture of plant-derived formulations that balance production costs, toxicity and therapeutic effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:17:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b47d7b2d9e9496fb0d9d51909ca63f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:17:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b47d7b2d9e9496fb0d9d51909ca63f62023-11-16T18:30:13ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-02-0113237310.3390/agriculture13020373Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial ScaleJéssica Pires Farias0Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros1Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre2Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior3Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves4Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho5Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues6Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade7Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho8Daniel Carneiro Moreira9David Fernandes Lima10Massimo Lucarini11Alessandra Durazzo12Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo13José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite14Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus DarcyRibeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, BrazilLaboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, BrazilLaboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, BrazilLaboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Química, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Parnaíba 64002-150, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus DarcyRibeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilFaculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Paulo Afonso 48605-560, BrazilCREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, ItalyCREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, ItalyLaboratório de Atividade Antileishmania, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Plantas Medicinais, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Ininga, Teresina 64049-550, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, Parnaíba 64202-020, BrazilConsidering the therapeutic potential of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. essential oil and the great value in the pharmaceutical market, this study aims to evaluate the influence of plant age on the chemical composition and biological activities of <i>V. curassavica</i> Jacq. essential oil. The plant age is a parameter that can influence the chemical composition of the essential oil, as well as its pharmacological potential. For this purpose, essential oils from aerial parts of <i>V. curassavica</i> produced at different ages (4, 10, 14 and 18 months-age) were used. According to chromatograms obtained by GC-MS, the essential oils were mainly composed of α-pinene, <i>trans</i>-caryophyllene, α-santalene, alloaromadendrene and α-humulene. The chemical composition of <i>V. curassavica</i> essential oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively with the aging of the plants, and the essential oils from plants at 18 month-age appeared to be the most distinct from the others. The tested essential oil samples showed inhibitory activity against <i>Candida albicans</i> (MIC = 1000 µg/mL) but did not show antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. The cytotoxic activity levels against the murine macrophages varied among the oils extracted from the plants at different ages; the IC<sub>50</sub> values of the essential oils increased with age (171.90 µg/mL at 18 month-age). More studies should be carried out to assess whether age also affects the therapeutic effects of essential oils, resulting in the manufacture of plant-derived formulations that balance production costs, toxicity and therapeutic effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/2/373<i>Cordia verbenacea</i>essential oilmedicinal plantGC/MSantifungalcytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Jéssica Pires Farias Ana Luisa Alves Nogueira Barros Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo-Nobre Enoque Pereira Costa Sobrinho-Júnior Michel Muálem de Moraes Alves Fernando Aécio de Amorim Carvalho Klinger Antonio da Franca Rodrigues Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade Francisco Artur e Silva-Filho Daniel Carneiro Moreira David Fernandes Lima Massimo Lucarini Alessandra Durazzo Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo José Roberto de Souza de Almeida Leite Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale Agriculture <i>Cordia verbenacea</i> essential oil medicinal plant GC/MS antifungal cytotoxicity |
| title | Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale |
| title_full | Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale |
| title_short | Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of <i>Varronia curassavica</i> Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale |
| title_sort | influence of plant age on chemical composition antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of i varronia curassavica i jacq essential oil produced on an industrial scale |
| topic | <i>Cordia verbenacea</i> essential oil medicinal plant GC/MS antifungal cytotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/2/373 |
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