Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications
The sustainable processing of recycled products requires veritable testing during quality control for commercial application. In this research work, mechanical (ASTM D3039), compression (ASTM D5467) and impact (ASTM A370) are utilized to observe the usability, diversity, and suitability of the devel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504822000501 |
| _version_ | 1797790053506744320 |
|---|---|
| author | Abrar Hussain Dmitri Goljandin Vitali Podgursky Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas Illia Krasnou |
| author_facet | Abrar Hussain Dmitri Goljandin Vitali Podgursky Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas Illia Krasnou |
| author_sort | Abrar Hussain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The sustainable processing of recycled products requires veritable testing during quality control for commercial application. In this research work, mechanical (ASTM D3039), compression (ASTM D5467) and impact (ASTM A370) are utilized to observe the usability, diversity, and suitability of the developed polypropylene-postconsumer cotton fibers (PP-PCCF) composites for industrial applications. The cotton waste was ground using a grinding machine. The ground fibers were introduced to manufacture composites from 0 to 40% fiber loading variations. The fine cotton fibers and synthesized composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope before and after mechanical testing. The fiber length, diameter and area were in the range of 2.5 mm–5.5 mm, 12.5 μm–22 μm and 200.15 μm2–250.50 μm2, respectively. The engineering and design values were tensile strength (31.16 MPa–22.77 MPa), breaking strength (26.69 MPa–22.77 MPa), modulus of elasticity (2223.79 MPa–2770.77 MPa), and extension (17.48–3.21). Similarly, flexural strength, modulus, energy, and fracture force are also enhanced with an increase in fiber loading. The impact energies of pure polypropylene and PP-PCCF composites (with 10, 30, and 40% PCCF contents) were 50 kJ/m2, 48 kJ/m2, 43 kJ/m2, and 58 kJ/m2. The micrographs of PP-PCCF composites prove that the density of voids is enhanced with an increase in fiber contents. The PP-PCCF composites with 0%–30% fiber loadings showed minimum defects and were observed to be suitable for structural applications. On the other hand, the PP-PCCF composites with 30%–40% fiber loading are acceptable for environmental applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:59:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b49b05daf584b15979fe6952ce2478a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2542-5048 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:59:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b49b05daf584b15979fe6952ce2478a2023-07-02T04:17:06ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research2542-50482023-07-0163226238Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applicationsAbrar Hussain0Dmitri Goljandin1Vitali Podgursky2Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas3Illia Krasnou4Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia; Corresponding author.Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus Lahore 54890, PakistanDepartment of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaThe sustainable processing of recycled products requires veritable testing during quality control for commercial application. In this research work, mechanical (ASTM D3039), compression (ASTM D5467) and impact (ASTM A370) are utilized to observe the usability, diversity, and suitability of the developed polypropylene-postconsumer cotton fibers (PP-PCCF) composites for industrial applications. The cotton waste was ground using a grinding machine. The ground fibers were introduced to manufacture composites from 0 to 40% fiber loading variations. The fine cotton fibers and synthesized composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope before and after mechanical testing. The fiber length, diameter and area were in the range of 2.5 mm–5.5 mm, 12.5 μm–22 μm and 200.15 μm2–250.50 μm2, respectively. The engineering and design values were tensile strength (31.16 MPa–22.77 MPa), breaking strength (26.69 MPa–22.77 MPa), modulus of elasticity (2223.79 MPa–2770.77 MPa), and extension (17.48–3.21). Similarly, flexural strength, modulus, energy, and fracture force are also enhanced with an increase in fiber loading. The impact energies of pure polypropylene and PP-PCCF composites (with 10, 30, and 40% PCCF contents) were 50 kJ/m2, 48 kJ/m2, 43 kJ/m2, and 58 kJ/m2. The micrographs of PP-PCCF composites prove that the density of voids is enhanced with an increase in fiber contents. The PP-PCCF composites with 0%–30% fiber loadings showed minimum defects and were observed to be suitable for structural applications. On the other hand, the PP-PCCF composites with 30%–40% fiber loading are acceptable for environmental applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504822000501Fiber reinforced compositesCircular economyTensile testingPolymer compositesTextile wastes |
| spellingShingle | Abrar Hussain Dmitri Goljandin Vitali Podgursky Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas Illia Krasnou Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research Fiber reinforced composites Circular economy Tensile testing Polymer composites Textile wastes |
| title | Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications |
| title_full | Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications |
| title_fullStr | Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications |
| title_short | Experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene-cotton composites for commercial applications |
| title_sort | experimental mechanics analysis of recycled polypropylene cotton composites for commercial applications |
| topic | Fiber reinforced composites Circular economy Tensile testing Polymer composites Textile wastes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542504822000501 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abrarhussain experimentalmechanicsanalysisofrecycledpolypropylenecottoncompositesforcommercialapplications AT dmitrigoljandin experimentalmechanicsanalysisofrecycledpolypropylenecottoncompositesforcommercialapplications AT vitalipodgursky experimentalmechanicsanalysisofrecycledpolypropylenecottoncompositesforcommercialapplications AT muhammadmujtabaabbas experimentalmechanicsanalysisofrecycledpolypropylenecottoncompositesforcommercialapplications AT illiakrasnou experimentalmechanicsanalysisofrecycledpolypropylenecottoncompositesforcommercialapplications |