Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients
Introduction: In India, infectious Hepatitis is one of the major health care burdens, with viral hepatitis being the most common culprit, followed by dengue, typhoid, and malarial hepatitis. Fulminant hepatitis manifests as a sudden abnormality in liver function enzymes in a child with no prior hepa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Light House Polyclinic Mangalore
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ojhas.org/issue81/2022-1-6.html |
| _version_ | 1818197163735252992 |
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| author | Anubhav Choudhary Sandeep Avasarala Renu Agrawal Gajanand Singh Tanwar Rachna Poonia |
| author_facet | Anubhav Choudhary Sandeep Avasarala Renu Agrawal Gajanand Singh Tanwar Rachna Poonia |
| author_sort | Anubhav Choudhary |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: In India, infectious Hepatitis is one of the major health care burdens, with viral hepatitis being the most common culprit, followed by dengue, typhoid, and malarial hepatitis. Fulminant hepatitis manifests as a sudden abnormality in liver function enzymes in a child with no prior hepatic pathology. Aims and Objects: This study was aimed at identifying the various etiological factors and correlating clinical features of viral hepatitis, and fulminant liver failure. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the paediatrics in-patient department of S.P. Medical College & P.B.M. Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner (Rajasthan) over a period of one year. A total of 125 children with a clinical and lab-confirmed diagnosis of acute infective hepatitis were included. Data including clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory parameters were obtained and analyzed. Results: Most commonly affected age group was between 5-10 years with the mean age being 7.1±4.6 years. The most common etiology was hepatitis A (n=39), followed by hepatitis E (n=24) and mixed hepatitis A virus (HAV)/hepatitis E virus (HAE) infection (n=20). Other causative organisms were dengue virus (n=16), typhoid (n=13), malaria (n=9), and hepatitis B. The most common clinical symptoms were fever, jaundice, loss of appetite, and vomiting/nausea. There were some clinical features seen more commonly in case of infection with certain organisms. High frequency of diarrhoea, arthralgia, and thrombocytopenia was seen with HAV. Neurological, renal complications and high mortality were associated with HEV or HAV/HEV co-infection. While retroorbital pain and purpuric rash were exclusive with dengue, malarial hepatitis was strongly associated with pallor and altered sensorium. Conclusion: Acute infective hepatitis is most commonly caused by HAV and HEV in Western Rajasthan. It is imperative to educate the masses regarding the prevention of common infections transmissible by infected drinking water, poor hand hygiene, improper waste disposal, and open defecation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:45:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b5e6171ec9b4d94b16dd51b2e8b5bd0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-5997 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T01:45:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Light House Polyclinic Mangalore |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b5e6171ec9b4d94b16dd51b2e8b5bd02022-12-22T00:42:35ZengLight House Polyclinic MangaloreOnline Journal of Health & Allied Sciences0972-59972022-04-01211Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric PatientsAnubhav Choudhary0Sandeep Avasarala1Renu Agrawal2Gajanand Singh Tanwar3Rachna Poonia4Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, S.P. Medical College & P.B.M. Associated Group Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, IndiaSenior Medical Officer, Department of Medical, Health and Family Welfare, Ajmer, Rajasthan, IndiaSenior Professor, Department of Pediatrics, S.P. Medical College & P.B.M. Associated Group Hospitals, Bikaner Rajasthan, IndiaProfessor, Department of Pediatrics, S.P. Medical College & P.B.M. Associated Group Hospitals, Bikaner Rajasthan, IndiaPhd Scholar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, IndiaIntroduction: In India, infectious Hepatitis is one of the major health care burdens, with viral hepatitis being the most common culprit, followed by dengue, typhoid, and malarial hepatitis. Fulminant hepatitis manifests as a sudden abnormality in liver function enzymes in a child with no prior hepatic pathology. Aims and Objects: This study was aimed at identifying the various etiological factors and correlating clinical features of viral hepatitis, and fulminant liver failure. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the paediatrics in-patient department of S.P. Medical College & P.B.M. Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner (Rajasthan) over a period of one year. A total of 125 children with a clinical and lab-confirmed diagnosis of acute infective hepatitis were included. Data including clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory parameters were obtained and analyzed. Results: Most commonly affected age group was between 5-10 years with the mean age being 7.1±4.6 years. The most common etiology was hepatitis A (n=39), followed by hepatitis E (n=24) and mixed hepatitis A virus (HAV)/hepatitis E virus (HAE) infection (n=20). Other causative organisms were dengue virus (n=16), typhoid (n=13), malaria (n=9), and hepatitis B. The most common clinical symptoms were fever, jaundice, loss of appetite, and vomiting/nausea. There were some clinical features seen more commonly in case of infection with certain organisms. High frequency of diarrhoea, arthralgia, and thrombocytopenia was seen with HAV. Neurological, renal complications and high mortality were associated with HEV or HAV/HEV co-infection. While retroorbital pain and purpuric rash were exclusive with dengue, malarial hepatitis was strongly associated with pallor and altered sensorium. Conclusion: Acute infective hepatitis is most commonly caused by HAV and HEV in Western Rajasthan. It is imperative to educate the masses regarding the prevention of common infections transmissible by infected drinking water, poor hand hygiene, improper waste disposal, and open defecation.https://www.ojhas.org/issue81/2022-1-6.htmlviral hepatitisfulminant liver failurechildren |
| spellingShingle | Anubhav Choudhary Sandeep Avasarala Renu Agrawal Gajanand Singh Tanwar Rachna Poonia Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences viral hepatitis fulminant liver failure children |
| title | Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients |
| title_full | Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients |
| title_short | Clinical and Etiopathological Correlation of Acute Infective Hepatitis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure in Pediatric Patients |
| title_sort | clinical and etiopathological correlation of acute infective hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure in pediatric patients |
| topic | viral hepatitis fulminant liver failure children |
| url | https://www.ojhas.org/issue81/2022-1-6.html |
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