Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure
3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is one of the most widely produced anilines world-wide, used in plastic packaging, fabrics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and paints as well as being a degradation product of several pesticides. 3,4-DCA has been detected in freshwater, brackish and marine environmen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750021001785 |
| _version_ | 1819179049863348224 |
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| author | Bjørn Henrik Hansen Julia Farkas Stefania Piarulli Silvia Vicario Bjarne Kvæstad David R. Williamson Lisbet Sørensen Emlyn John Davies Trond Nordtug |
| author_facet | Bjørn Henrik Hansen Julia Farkas Stefania Piarulli Silvia Vicario Bjarne Kvæstad David R. Williamson Lisbet Sørensen Emlyn John Davies Trond Nordtug |
| author_sort | Bjørn Henrik Hansen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is one of the most widely produced anilines world-wide, used in plastic packaging, fabrics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and paints as well as being a degradation product of several pesticides. 3,4-DCA has been detected in freshwater, brackish and marine environments. Although freshwater toxicity thresholds exist, very little toxicological information is available on marine and cold-water species. In this study, we exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos (3–7 days post fertilization) to 3,4-DCA concentrations ranging from 8−747 μg/L for 4 days followed by a recovery period in clean sea water until 14 days post fertilization (dpf). The cod embryos were significantly more sensitive to acute 3,4-DCA exposure compared to other species tested and reported in the literature. At the highest concentration (747 μg/L), no embryos survived until hatch, and even at the lowest concentration (8 μg/L), a small, but significant increase in mortality was observed at 14 dpf. Delayed and concentration-dependent effects on surviving yolk-sac larvae, manifested as cardiac, developmental and morphometric alterations, more than a week after exposure suggest potential long-term effects of transient embryonic exposure to low concentrations of 3,4-DCA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:52:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b66eb44cfb74c75a80bb46bb73ef372 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-7500 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:52:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicology Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b66eb44cfb74c75a80bb46bb73ef3722022-12-21T18:11:20ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002021-01-01817541761Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposureBjørn Henrik Hansen0Julia Farkas1Stefania Piarulli2Silvia Vicario3Bjarne Kvæstad4David R. Williamson5Lisbet Sørensen6Emlyn John Davies7Trond Nordtug8SINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, Norway; Corresponding author.SINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, NorwaySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, NorwayUniversity of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, Milan, ItalySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, NorwaySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, Norway; Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and System (AMOS), Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, NorwaySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, NorwaySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, NorwaySINTEF Ocean, 7465, Trondheim, Norway3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is one of the most widely produced anilines world-wide, used in plastic packaging, fabrics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, dyes and paints as well as being a degradation product of several pesticides. 3,4-DCA has been detected in freshwater, brackish and marine environments. Although freshwater toxicity thresholds exist, very little toxicological information is available on marine and cold-water species. In this study, we exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos (3–7 days post fertilization) to 3,4-DCA concentrations ranging from 8−747 μg/L for 4 days followed by a recovery period in clean sea water until 14 days post fertilization (dpf). The cod embryos were significantly more sensitive to acute 3,4-DCA exposure compared to other species tested and reported in the literature. At the highest concentration (747 μg/L), no embryos survived until hatch, and even at the lowest concentration (8 μg/L), a small, but significant increase in mortality was observed at 14 dpf. Delayed and concentration-dependent effects on surviving yolk-sac larvae, manifested as cardiac, developmental and morphometric alterations, more than a week after exposure suggest potential long-term effects of transient embryonic exposure to low concentrations of 3,4-DCA.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S22147500210017853,4-DCAEmerging pollutantsComparative ecotoxicityEmbryotoxicityCardiotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Bjørn Henrik Hansen Julia Farkas Stefania Piarulli Silvia Vicario Bjarne Kvæstad David R. Williamson Lisbet Sørensen Emlyn John Davies Trond Nordtug Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure Toxicology Reports 3,4-DCA Emerging pollutants Comparative ecotoxicity Embryotoxicity Cardiotoxicity |
| title | Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure |
| title_full | Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure |
| title_fullStr | Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure |
| title_short | Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) embryos are highly sensitive to short-term 3,4-dichloroaniline exposure |
| title_sort | atlantic cod gadus morhua embryos are highly sensitive to short term 3 4 dichloroaniline exposure |
| topic | 3,4-DCA Emerging pollutants Comparative ecotoxicity Embryotoxicity Cardiotoxicity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750021001785 |
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