The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier
Under pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), leukocytes infiltrate the central nervous system where they, in concert with activated microglia, promote inflammatory demyelination resulting in a broad spectrum of symptoms, including paralysis. Therefore, all current therapeutic appro...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Immuno |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5601/2/3/32 |
| _version_ | 1797486895433777152 |
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| author | Laurent Calvier Anna E. Alexander Joachim Herz |
| author_facet | Laurent Calvier Anna E. Alexander Joachim Herz |
| author_sort | Laurent Calvier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Under pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), leukocytes infiltrate the central nervous system where they, in concert with activated microglia, promote inflammatory demyelination resulting in a broad spectrum of symptoms, including paralysis. Therefore, all current therapeutic approaches to MS target the immune system, blocking inflammation and paralysis progression, but may compromise the immune system. In this focused review, we present an underestimated compartment, the blood–brain barrier, which is compromised during MS and becomes permeable to leukocytes infiltrating the central nervous system. This barrier has the potential to offer new therapeutic strategies and is easily accessible for drugs. We highlight this paradigm using the example of the therapeutic anti-Reelin strategy we have developed. Reelin is a plasma protein that regulates the expression of adhesion markers on the endothelial surface, thus promoting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and propagating inflammation. Building Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier (the “6B” strategy) may have advantages compared to actual immunosuppressive drugs because it restores a physiological function rather than suppressing the immune system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b6848f445cb44ebb90e752cd7cbe869 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-5601 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:40:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immuno |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b6848f445cb44ebb90e752cd7cbe8692023-11-23T16:52:34ZengMDPI AGImmuno2673-56012022-09-012350651110.3390/immuno2030032The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain BarrierLaurent Calvier0Anna E. Alexander1Joachim Herz2Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USADepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USADepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USAUnder pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), leukocytes infiltrate the central nervous system where they, in concert with activated microglia, promote inflammatory demyelination resulting in a broad spectrum of symptoms, including paralysis. Therefore, all current therapeutic approaches to MS target the immune system, blocking inflammation and paralysis progression, but may compromise the immune system. In this focused review, we present an underestimated compartment, the blood–brain barrier, which is compromised during MS and becomes permeable to leukocytes infiltrating the central nervous system. This barrier has the potential to offer new therapeutic strategies and is easily accessible for drugs. We highlight this paradigm using the example of the therapeutic anti-Reelin strategy we have developed. Reelin is a plasma protein that regulates the expression of adhesion markers on the endothelial surface, thus promoting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and propagating inflammation. Building Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier (the “6B” strategy) may have advantages compared to actual immunosuppressive drugs because it restores a physiological function rather than suppressing the immune system.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5601/2/3/32multiple sclerosisEAEblood-brain barrierendotheliumendothelial cellleukocyte |
| spellingShingle | Laurent Calvier Anna E. Alexander Joachim Herz The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier Immuno multiple sclerosis EAE blood-brain barrier endothelium endothelial cell leukocyte |
| title | The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier |
| title_full | The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier |
| title_fullStr | The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier |
| title_full_unstemmed | The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier |
| title_short | The “6B” Strategy: Build Back a Better Blood–Brain Barrier |
| title_sort | 6b strategy build back a better blood brain barrier |
| topic | multiple sclerosis EAE blood-brain barrier endothelium endothelial cell leukocyte |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-5601/2/3/32 |
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