The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Substance use during pregnancy mainly khat chewing (20%) and alcohol drinking (18.1%) are commonly practiced in Ethiopia. However, the effect of using these substances has not been studied nationally yet. Thus, this study was aimed to examine national evidence about the effect of substan...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021008434 |
| _version_ | 1818664614394593280 |
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| author | Wubet Alebachew Bayih Demeke Mesfin Belay Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew Misganaw Abie Tassew Ermias Sisay Chanie Dejen Getaneh Feleke Sintayehu Asnakew Getasew Legas Amsalu Belete Maru Mekie Getachew Yideg Yitbarek Tigabu Munye Aytenew Tigabu Dessie Nigus Selomon Solomon Demis Kebede Tewachew Muche Liyeh Binyam Minuye Birhanie |
| author_facet | Wubet Alebachew Bayih Demeke Mesfin Belay Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew Misganaw Abie Tassew Ermias Sisay Chanie Dejen Getaneh Feleke Sintayehu Asnakew Getasew Legas Amsalu Belete Maru Mekie Getachew Yideg Yitbarek Tigabu Munye Aytenew Tigabu Dessie Nigus Selomon Solomon Demis Kebede Tewachew Muche Liyeh Binyam Minuye Birhanie |
| author_sort | Wubet Alebachew Bayih |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Substance use during pregnancy mainly khat chewing (20%) and alcohol drinking (18.1%) are commonly practiced in Ethiopia. However, the effect of using these substances has not been studied nationally yet. Thus, this study was aimed to examine national evidence about the effect of substance use during pregnancy on birth outcome in the country, 2020. Methods: Primary studies were accessed through Google scholar, HINARI, SCOPUS and PubMed databases. The methodological and evidence quality of the included studies were critically appraised by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool scale adapted for observational studies. From eligible studies, two authors extracted author/year, study region, study design, sample size and reported effect of antenatal substance use on birth outcome on an excel spreadsheet. During critical appraisal and data extraction, disagreements between the two authors were resolved by the involvement of a third author. The extracted data were then exported to stata version 14. Effect sizes were pooled using the fixed-effects model due to homogenous primary studies (I2 = 0.0%). Presence of publication bias was detected from asymmetry of funnel plot and statistically significant Egger's test (p = 0.000). Results: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 5,343 mother-neonate pairs were included from 15 studies. Alcohol, khat, cigarette and narghile were used during pregnancy, and significant adverse birth outcomes attributable to these substances were reported. From the pooled effect of alcohol use, drinking mothers were twice (95%CI: AOR = 2.16; 1.16, 3.17) likely to have newborns with birth defect; 9 times (95% CI: AOR = 9.39; 2.84, 15.94) more prone to own low birth weight neonates; and 1.9 times more prone to deliver preterm neonates (95% CI: AOR = 1.93; 0.52, 3.33) than the nondrinkers. Khat users were 2.4 times (95%CI: AOR = 2.4; 1.11, 5.19) more likely to have congenitally defected neonates; and 3.1 times (95%CI: AOR = 3.19; 1.01, 5.37) more risked to possess low birth weight neonates. Furthermore, antenatal cigarette smokers (95% CI: AOR = 4.36 (1.75, 6.98)) and narghile users (95% CI: AOR = 20.1; 3.94, 103) were at 4 and 20 times more likelihood of having low birth weight neonates as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Prematurity, low birth weight and congenital malformation were the investigated adverse effects of antenatal substance use in Ethiopia. Therefore, the existing public health efforts should be encouraged to help women stop using these substances completely before pregnancy. Moreover, increasing public awareness about the potential negative impacts of substance use during pregnancy on birth outcome would be of greatest importance for comprehensive prevention of the problem. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:35:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b6a8145eb4447c2997e30a6753981ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:35:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b6a8145eb4447c2997e30a6753981ce2022-12-21T22:01:37ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402021-04-0174e06740The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysisWubet Alebachew Bayih0Demeke Mesfin Belay1Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew2Misganaw Abie Tassew3Ermias Sisay Chanie4Dejen Getaneh Feleke5Sintayehu Asnakew6Getasew Legas7Amsalu Belete8Maru Mekie9Getachew Yideg Yitbarek10Tigabu Munye Aytenew11Tigabu Dessie12Nigus Selomon13Solomon Demis Kebede14Tewachew Muche Liyeh15Binyam Minuye Birhanie16Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia; Corresponding author.Debre Tabor University, EthiopiaBahir Dar University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaDebre Tabor University, EthiopiaBackground: Substance use during pregnancy mainly khat chewing (20%) and alcohol drinking (18.1%) are commonly practiced in Ethiopia. However, the effect of using these substances has not been studied nationally yet. Thus, this study was aimed to examine national evidence about the effect of substance use during pregnancy on birth outcome in the country, 2020. Methods: Primary studies were accessed through Google scholar, HINARI, SCOPUS and PubMed databases. The methodological and evidence quality of the included studies were critically appraised by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool scale adapted for observational studies. From eligible studies, two authors extracted author/year, study region, study design, sample size and reported effect of antenatal substance use on birth outcome on an excel spreadsheet. During critical appraisal and data extraction, disagreements between the two authors were resolved by the involvement of a third author. The extracted data were then exported to stata version 14. Effect sizes were pooled using the fixed-effects model due to homogenous primary studies (I2 = 0.0%). Presence of publication bias was detected from asymmetry of funnel plot and statistically significant Egger's test (p = 0.000). Results: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 5,343 mother-neonate pairs were included from 15 studies. Alcohol, khat, cigarette and narghile were used during pregnancy, and significant adverse birth outcomes attributable to these substances were reported. From the pooled effect of alcohol use, drinking mothers were twice (95%CI: AOR = 2.16; 1.16, 3.17) likely to have newborns with birth defect; 9 times (95% CI: AOR = 9.39; 2.84, 15.94) more prone to own low birth weight neonates; and 1.9 times more prone to deliver preterm neonates (95% CI: AOR = 1.93; 0.52, 3.33) than the nondrinkers. Khat users were 2.4 times (95%CI: AOR = 2.4; 1.11, 5.19) more likely to have congenitally defected neonates; and 3.1 times (95%CI: AOR = 3.19; 1.01, 5.37) more risked to possess low birth weight neonates. Furthermore, antenatal cigarette smokers (95% CI: AOR = 4.36 (1.75, 6.98)) and narghile users (95% CI: AOR = 20.1; 3.94, 103) were at 4 and 20 times more likelihood of having low birth weight neonates as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Prematurity, low birth weight and congenital malformation were the investigated adverse effects of antenatal substance use in Ethiopia. Therefore, the existing public health efforts should be encouraged to help women stop using these substances completely before pregnancy. Moreover, increasing public awareness about the potential negative impacts of substance use during pregnancy on birth outcome would be of greatest importance for comprehensive prevention of the problem.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021008434EthiopiaBirth outcomeSubstance usePregnancyMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Wubet Alebachew Bayih Demeke Mesfin Belay Metadel Yibeltal Ayalew Misganaw Abie Tassew Ermias Sisay Chanie Dejen Getaneh Feleke Sintayehu Asnakew Getasew Legas Amsalu Belete Maru Mekie Getachew Yideg Yitbarek Tigabu Munye Aytenew Tigabu Dessie Nigus Selomon Solomon Demis Kebede Tewachew Muche Liyeh Binyam Minuye Birhanie The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis Heliyon Ethiopia Birth outcome Substance use Pregnancy Meta-analysis |
| title | The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | The effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | effect of substance use during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes in ethiopia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Ethiopia Birth outcome Substance use Pregnancy Meta-analysis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021008434 |
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