Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries
The aim of this study is to evaluate the entrepreneurial environment of selected countries, and analyze and rank them on the basis of entrepreneurship related indicators. This study’s design comprises a review of the literature, extraction of secondary data on the phenomenon, and analysis. The resea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.985426/full |
| _version_ | 1811191612245540864 |
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| author | Rui Zhu Zahra Masood Bhutta Yong Zhu Fizza Ubaidullah Madiha Saleem Sidra Khalid |
| author_facet | Rui Zhu Zahra Masood Bhutta Yong Zhu Fizza Ubaidullah Madiha Saleem Sidra Khalid |
| author_sort | Rui Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study is to evaluate the entrepreneurial environment of selected countries, and analyze and rank them on the basis of entrepreneurship related indicators. This study’s design comprises a review of the literature, extraction of secondary data on the phenomenon, and analysis. The research gap has been established through a review of the literature, leading toward the development of problem statement. The cross-sectional data, related to entrepreneurship indicators, is extracted from website of World Development Indicators (2021) for 48 selected countries. Using positivism as a research philosophy and deduction as a research approach, the data are analyzed through grey relational analysis (GRA). On the basis of grey relational grades, this study also classified the countries on the continuum of “much better” to “worse.” The results of the study show that the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, Hong Kong SAR, China, France and Canada attained the highest grey relational grades and are considered the countries having much better entrepreneurial environment; whereas Poland, Kuwait, Namibia and so on attained the lowest grey relational grades and are considered the countries having worst entrepreneurial environment. This research has several practical implications for different economies/countries, entrepreneurial ventures, aspiring entrepreneurial, and researchers. On the basis of findings of this study, policy makers should refine country-level entrepreneurial policies while keeping in view the respective grey relational grades. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:40:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b6b9e0eb43d4c5daf691a502f785b63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:40:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b6b9e0eb43d4c5daf691a502f785b632022-12-22T03:56:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-10-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.985426985426Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countriesRui Zhu0Zahra Masood Bhutta1Yong Zhu2Fizza Ubaidullah3Madiha Saleem4Sidra Khalid5Changsha University of Science and Technology, Tianxin District Changsha, Hunan, ChinaDepartment of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Multan Campus, Multan, PakistanHunan University of Science and Technology, District Xiangtan, Hunan, ChinaInstitute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, PakistanInstitute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, PakistanDepartment of Management Sciences, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, PakistanThe aim of this study is to evaluate the entrepreneurial environment of selected countries, and analyze and rank them on the basis of entrepreneurship related indicators. This study’s design comprises a review of the literature, extraction of secondary data on the phenomenon, and analysis. The research gap has been established through a review of the literature, leading toward the development of problem statement. The cross-sectional data, related to entrepreneurship indicators, is extracted from website of World Development Indicators (2021) for 48 selected countries. Using positivism as a research philosophy and deduction as a research approach, the data are analyzed through grey relational analysis (GRA). On the basis of grey relational grades, this study also classified the countries on the continuum of “much better” to “worse.” The results of the study show that the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, Hong Kong SAR, China, France and Canada attained the highest grey relational grades and are considered the countries having much better entrepreneurial environment; whereas Poland, Kuwait, Namibia and so on attained the lowest grey relational grades and are considered the countries having worst entrepreneurial environment. This research has several practical implications for different economies/countries, entrepreneurial ventures, aspiring entrepreneurial, and researchers. On the basis of findings of this study, policy makers should refine country-level entrepreneurial policies while keeping in view the respective grey relational grades.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.985426/fullentrepreneurshipentrepreneurial environmentcountries’ rankinggrey relational analysisinnovation |
| spellingShingle | Rui Zhu Zahra Masood Bhutta Yong Zhu Fizza Ubaidullah Madiha Saleem Sidra Khalid Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries Frontiers in Environmental Science entrepreneurship entrepreneurial environment countries’ ranking grey relational analysis innovation |
| title | Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries |
| title_full | Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries |
| title_fullStr | Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries |
| title_short | Grey relational analysis of country-level entrepreneurial environment: A study of selected forty-eight countries |
| title_sort | grey relational analysis of country level entrepreneurial environment a study of selected forty eight countries |
| topic | entrepreneurship entrepreneurial environment countries’ ranking grey relational analysis innovation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.985426/full |
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