Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
Acinetobacter species have emerged as one of the leading causative agents of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs). Acinetobacter baumannii, the most commonly isolated clinical subspecies among the Acinetobacter species, is known to cause a wide range of HAIs, with an increased risk of mortality rangi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific African |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227623001175 |
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| author | Leocrisia Mwanamoonga Walter Muleya Chileshe Lukwesa Andrew Nalishuwa Mukubesa Kaunda Yamba Darlington Mwenya Ruth Nakazwe Glory Kashweka Ladslav Moonga Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe John Bwalya Muma |
| author_facet | Leocrisia Mwanamoonga Walter Muleya Chileshe Lukwesa Andrew Nalishuwa Mukubesa Kaunda Yamba Darlington Mwenya Ruth Nakazwe Glory Kashweka Ladslav Moonga Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe John Bwalya Muma |
| author_sort | Leocrisia Mwanamoonga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acinetobacter species have emerged as one of the leading causative agents of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs). Acinetobacter baumannii, the most commonly isolated clinical subspecies among the Acinetobacter species, is known to cause a wide range of HAIs, with an increased risk of mortality ranging from 8% to 40% in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of Acinetobacter species isolated from admitted patients, ward environmental surfaces and instruments at the University Teaching Hospital, (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia.This was a facility-based cross-sectional study that involved collecting clinical samples (cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, pus swabs, blood culture, urine, synovial fluid, pericardial fluid, and pleural fluid) that were submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory at UTH as part of the routine diagnosis and patient care between July and December 2021. Environmental specimens were also collected from surfaces and equipment in contact with patients, such as beds, beddings, suction machines, ventilators, ward gowns and endotracheal tubes.Sixty Acinetobacter isolates were recovered, 40 (66.7%) from clinical specimens and 20 (33.3%) from environmental samples, respectively. Among the clinical isolates, the admission ward had the highest (21.7%; 95% CI: 10.9–32.4) while the main ICU had the least (1.7%; 95% CI: 0.0–5.0%); for environmental samples, the highest isolation was from taps (25%) and sinks (20%). Among the sixty Acinetobacter isolates, A. baumannii was the most prevalent subspecies (n = 43). Highest resistance was observed to tetracycline (98%; 95% CI: 94–100) and co-trimoxazole (70%; 95% CI: 58–82) while the lowest resistance was seen in imipenem (17%; 95% CI: 7.3–28.3), tobramycin (20%; 95%CI: 11.7–36) and cefotaxime (22%; 95% CI: 24–22). The AdeB gene (efflux pump) was detected in 82.5% of the clinical isolates. The frequency of clinical isolates that showed resistance to at least three classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and sulphonamides) translated into being Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensive drug resistance (XDR) in the clinical isolates was 75% (30/40) and 52.5% (21/30), respectively. These findings intimate the clinical significance of HAI Acinetobacter infections and need for continuous AMR surveillance to inform treatment guidelines and regular infection prevention processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:01:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b6d8894e491482ab326d0bfd87491c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-2276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:01:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific African |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b6d8894e491482ab326d0bfd87491c22023-06-17T05:19:52ZengElsevierScientific African2468-22762023-07-0120e01661Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, ZambiaLeocrisia Mwanamoonga0Walter Muleya1Chileshe Lukwesa2Andrew Nalishuwa Mukubesa3Kaunda Yamba4Darlington Mwenya5Ruth Nakazwe6Glory Kashweka7Ladslav Moonga8Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe9John Bwalya Muma10Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia; Corresponding author.Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaMinistry of Health, Lusaka District Health Office, P.O. Box 50278, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospital, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Para-Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Para-Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaDepartment of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, ZambiaAcinetobacter species have emerged as one of the leading causative agents of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs). Acinetobacter baumannii, the most commonly isolated clinical subspecies among the Acinetobacter species, is known to cause a wide range of HAIs, with an increased risk of mortality ranging from 8% to 40% in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of Acinetobacter species isolated from admitted patients, ward environmental surfaces and instruments at the University Teaching Hospital, (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia.This was a facility-based cross-sectional study that involved collecting clinical samples (cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, pus swabs, blood culture, urine, synovial fluid, pericardial fluid, and pleural fluid) that were submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory at UTH as part of the routine diagnosis and patient care between July and December 2021. Environmental specimens were also collected from surfaces and equipment in contact with patients, such as beds, beddings, suction machines, ventilators, ward gowns and endotracheal tubes.Sixty Acinetobacter isolates were recovered, 40 (66.7%) from clinical specimens and 20 (33.3%) from environmental samples, respectively. Among the clinical isolates, the admission ward had the highest (21.7%; 95% CI: 10.9–32.4) while the main ICU had the least (1.7%; 95% CI: 0.0–5.0%); for environmental samples, the highest isolation was from taps (25%) and sinks (20%). Among the sixty Acinetobacter isolates, A. baumannii was the most prevalent subspecies (n = 43). Highest resistance was observed to tetracycline (98%; 95% CI: 94–100) and co-trimoxazole (70%; 95% CI: 58–82) while the lowest resistance was seen in imipenem (17%; 95% CI: 7.3–28.3), tobramycin (20%; 95%CI: 11.7–36) and cefotaxime (22%; 95% CI: 24–22). The AdeB gene (efflux pump) was detected in 82.5% of the clinical isolates. The frequency of clinical isolates that showed resistance to at least three classes of antibiotics (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and sulphonamides) translated into being Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensive drug resistance (XDR) in the clinical isolates was 75% (30/40) and 52.5% (21/30), respectively. These findings intimate the clinical significance of HAI Acinetobacter infections and need for continuous AMR surveillance to inform treatment guidelines and regular infection prevention processes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227623001175AcinetobacterClinical significanceEnvironmentalHospital-acquired infections |
| spellingShingle | Leocrisia Mwanamoonga Walter Muleya Chileshe Lukwesa Andrew Nalishuwa Mukubesa Kaunda Yamba Darlington Mwenya Ruth Nakazwe Glory Kashweka Ladslav Moonga Bernard Mudenda Hang'ombe John Bwalya Muma Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia Scientific African Acinetobacter Clinical significance Environmental Hospital-acquired infections |
| title | Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_full | Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_fullStr | Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_short | Drug-resistant Acinetobacter species isolated at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_sort | drug resistant acinetobacter species isolated at the university teaching hospital lusaka zambia |
| topic | Acinetobacter Clinical significance Environmental Hospital-acquired infections |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227623001175 |
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