Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India
Introduction: Infective keratitis is a potentially vision threatening condition caused by various microbial etiology. Due to high virulence and rapid progression of many etiological agents, any corneal inflammation should be considered a potential threat to vision, requiring immediate evaluation...
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JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
2017-01-01
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Online Access: | http://www.njlm.net/articles/PDF/2192/25182_CE[VSU]_F(GH)_PF1(VsuGH)_PFA(GH)_PF2(VsuGH).pdf |
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author | Reena Anie Jose Vijayakumar S Rajini KC Prithi Nair K Reena John |
author_facet | Reena Anie Jose Vijayakumar S Rajini KC Prithi Nair K Reena John |
author_sort | Reena Anie Jose |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Introduction: Infective keratitis is a potentially vision threatening
condition caused by various microbial etiology. Due to high
virulence and rapid progression of many etiological agents,
any corneal inflammation should be considered a potential
threat to vision, requiring immediate evaluation and treatment.
Evaluation of epidemiological and microbiological profile of
infective keratitis of a region can significantly contribute towards
appropriate management of this ophthalmic emergency.
Aim: To study the bacterial and fungal etiological agents and
the epidemiological factors associated with infective keratitis
in patients attending the Ophthalmology Department of
Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Settings and Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, a
total of 135 corneal scrapings were evaluated from patients
presenting with corneal ulcers from December 2012 to May
2014.
Materials and Methods: Scrapings were subjected to Gram
staining, KOH wet mount and culture for bacterial and fungal
pathogens. Isolates were identified by conventional methods
and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was established.
Statistical Analysis: The results were analysed by mean, Chisquare test and Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Corneal trauma was the main risk factor associated
with infective keratitis (59.3%) and vegetative matter was
the most common trauma type observed (36.3%). Culture
was positive in 35.56% of cases, of which 18.52% were
bacterial and 17.04% were fungal. Gram positive cocci were
the predominant isolates (64%). Staphylococcus epidermidis
was the most common bacterial isolate (32%), followed by
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(16% each). Fusarium species was the most common fungal
isolate (39.13%), followed by Curvularia species and Aspergillus
species (13.04%). Unidentified dematiaceous fungi accounted
for 17.39%. Sensitivity of Gram stain in bacterial and fungal
detection was 56% and 39%, while specificity was 95% and
96% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of KOH wet mount
examination in the detection of fungal elements was observed
as 82% and 91% respectively.
Conclusion: Our study observed corneal injury as the main
risk factor associated with infective keratitis. Males were
more affected than females. Staphylococcus epidermidis
and Fusarium species were the commonest bacterial and
fungal isolates respectively. Geographical variation persists in
microbial etiology of infective keratitis |
first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:21:05Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-5b7d36909dd84d3ebd3b80bf123a4d21 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2277-8551 2455-6882 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:21:05Z |
publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd. |
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series | National Journal of Laboratory Medicine |
spelling | doaj.art-5b7d36909dd84d3ebd3b80bf123a4d212022-12-22T02:41:39ZengJCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.National Journal of Laboratory Medicine2277-85512455-68822017-01-0161MO06MO1110.7860/NJLM/2017/25182:2192Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, IndiaReena Anie Jose0Vijayakumar S1 Rajini KC2Prithi Nair K3Reena John4Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India.Additional Professor, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Konni, Kerala, India.Professor and Head, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India.Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India.Additional Professor, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India.Introduction: Infective keratitis is a potentially vision threatening condition caused by various microbial etiology. Due to high virulence and rapid progression of many etiological agents, any corneal inflammation should be considered a potential threat to vision, requiring immediate evaluation and treatment. Evaluation of epidemiological and microbiological profile of infective keratitis of a region can significantly contribute towards appropriate management of this ophthalmic emergency. Aim: To study the bacterial and fungal etiological agents and the epidemiological factors associated with infective keratitis in patients attending the Ophthalmology Department of Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India. Settings and Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 135 corneal scrapings were evaluated from patients presenting with corneal ulcers from December 2012 to May 2014. Materials and Methods: Scrapings were subjected to Gram staining, KOH wet mount and culture for bacterial and fungal pathogens. Isolates were identified by conventional methods and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was established. Statistical Analysis: The results were analysed by mean, Chisquare test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Corneal trauma was the main risk factor associated with infective keratitis (59.3%) and vegetative matter was the most common trauma type observed (36.3%). Culture was positive in 35.56% of cases, of which 18.52% were bacterial and 17.04% were fungal. Gram positive cocci were the predominant isolates (64%). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common bacterial isolate (32%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16% each). Fusarium species was the most common fungal isolate (39.13%), followed by Curvularia species and Aspergillus species (13.04%). Unidentified dematiaceous fungi accounted for 17.39%. Sensitivity of Gram stain in bacterial and fungal detection was 56% and 39%, while specificity was 95% and 96% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of KOH wet mount examination in the detection of fungal elements was observed as 82% and 91% respectively. Conclusion: Our study observed corneal injury as the main risk factor associated with infective keratitis. Males were more affected than females. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Fusarium species were the commonest bacterial and fungal isolates respectively. Geographical variation persists in microbial etiology of infective keratitishttp://www.njlm.net/articles/PDF/2192/25182_CE[VSU]_F(GH)_PF1(VsuGH)_PFA(GH)_PF2(VsuGH).pdfcorneal injurygram stainkoh wet mount |
spellingShingle | Reena Anie Jose Vijayakumar S Rajini KC Prithi Nair K Reena John Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India National Journal of Laboratory Medicine corneal injury gram stain koh wet mount |
title | Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India |
title_full | Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India |
title_fullStr | Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India |
title_short | Epidemiological and Microbiological Profile of Infective Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Zone of Kerala, India |
title_sort | epidemiological and microbiological profile of infective keratitis at a tertiary care centre in central zone of kerala india |
topic | corneal injury gram stain koh wet mount |
url | http://www.njlm.net/articles/PDF/2192/25182_CE[VSU]_F(GH)_PF1(VsuGH)_PFA(GH)_PF2(VsuGH).pdf |
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