Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy
The quality of probiotics has been associated with bacteria and yeast strains’ contents and their stability against conditioning factors. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), as a non-destructive, fast, real-time, and cost-effective analytical technique, can provide some advantages over more tradition...
| Principais autores: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| coleção: | Fermentation |
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| Acesso em linha: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/2/66 |
| _version_ | 1827655064675680256 |
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| author | Juan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez Esma Oǧuz Aybike Cebeci Mariem Majadi Gabriella Kiskó Zoltan Gillay Zoltan Kovacs |
| author_facet | Juan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez Esma Oǧuz Aybike Cebeci Mariem Majadi Gabriella Kiskó Zoltan Gillay Zoltan Kovacs |
| author_sort | Juan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The quality of probiotics has been associated with bacteria and yeast strains’ contents and their stability against conditioning factors. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), as a non-destructive, fast, real-time, and cost-effective analytical technique, can provide some advantages over more traditional food quality control methods in quality evaluation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the applicability of NIRS to the characterization and viability prediction of three commercial probiotic food supplement powders containing lactic acid bacteria (<i>LAB</i>) subjected to concentration and temperature conditioning factors. For each probiotic, 3 different concentrations were considered, and besides normal preparation (25 °C, control), samples were subjected to heat treatment at 60 or 90 °C and left to cool down until reaching room temperature prior to further analysis. Overall, after applying chemometrics to the NIR spectra, the obtained principal component analysis-based linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) classification models showed a high accuracy in both recognition and prediction. The temperature has an important impact on the discrimination of samples. According to the concentration, the best models were identified for the 90 °C temperature treatment, reaching 100% average correct classification for recognition and over 90% for prediction. However, the prediction accuracy decreased substantially at lower temperatures. For the 25 °C temperature treatment, the prediction accuracy decreased to nearly 60% for 2 of the 3 probiotics. Moreover, according to the temperature level, both the recognition and prediction accuracies were close to 100%. Additionally, the partial least square regression (PLSR) model achieved respectable values for the prediction of the colony-forming units (log CFU/g) of the probiotic samples, with a determination coefficient for prediction (R<sup>2</sup>Pr) of 0.82 and root mean square error for prediction (RMSEP) of 0.64. The results of our study show that NIRS is a fast, reliable, and promising alternative to the conventional microbiology technique for the characterization and prediction of the viability of probiotic supplement drink preparations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:00:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b83c5d4d69549f3926b6b20b51b66dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:00:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b83c5d4d69549f3926b6b20b51b66dd2023-11-23T19:50:07ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372022-01-01826610.3390/fermentation8020066Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR SpectroscopyJuan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez0Esma Oǧuz1Aybike Cebeci2Mariem Majadi3Gabriella Kiskó4Zoltan Gillay5Zoltan Kovacs6Department of Measurements and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Measurements and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Food Microbiology, Hygiene and Safety, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Measurements and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Measurements and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Somlói út 14-16, 1118 Budapest, HungaryThe quality of probiotics has been associated with bacteria and yeast strains’ contents and their stability against conditioning factors. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), as a non-destructive, fast, real-time, and cost-effective analytical technique, can provide some advantages over more traditional food quality control methods in quality evaluation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the applicability of NIRS to the characterization and viability prediction of three commercial probiotic food supplement powders containing lactic acid bacteria (<i>LAB</i>) subjected to concentration and temperature conditioning factors. For each probiotic, 3 different concentrations were considered, and besides normal preparation (25 °C, control), samples were subjected to heat treatment at 60 or 90 °C and left to cool down until reaching room temperature prior to further analysis. Overall, after applying chemometrics to the NIR spectra, the obtained principal component analysis-based linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) classification models showed a high accuracy in both recognition and prediction. The temperature has an important impact on the discrimination of samples. According to the concentration, the best models were identified for the 90 °C temperature treatment, reaching 100% average correct classification for recognition and over 90% for prediction. However, the prediction accuracy decreased substantially at lower temperatures. For the 25 °C temperature treatment, the prediction accuracy decreased to nearly 60% for 2 of the 3 probiotics. Moreover, according to the temperature level, both the recognition and prediction accuracies were close to 100%. Additionally, the partial least square regression (PLSR) model achieved respectable values for the prediction of the colony-forming units (log CFU/g) of the probiotic samples, with a determination coefficient for prediction (R<sup>2</sup>Pr) of 0.82 and root mean square error for prediction (RMSEP) of 0.64. The results of our study show that NIRS is a fast, reliable, and promising alternative to the conventional microbiology technique for the characterization and prediction of the viability of probiotic supplement drink preparations.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/2/66probioticsNIRchemometricsPCAPCA-LDAPLSR |
| spellingShingle | Juan Pablo Aguinaga Bósquez Esma Oǧuz Aybike Cebeci Mariem Majadi Gabriella Kiskó Zoltan Gillay Zoltan Kovacs Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy Fermentation probiotics NIR chemometrics PCA PCA-LDA PLSR |
| title | Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy |
| title_full | Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy |
| title_short | Characterization and Viability Prediction of Commercial Probiotic Supplements under Temperature and Concentration Conditioning Factors by NIR Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | characterization and viability prediction of commercial probiotic supplements under temperature and concentration conditioning factors by nir spectroscopy |
| topic | probiotics NIR chemometrics PCA PCA-LDA PLSR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/2/66 |
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