New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)
The review presents data from the last few years on bioanalytical methods used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the 1st–3rd generation and the newest antiepileptic drug (AEDs) cenobamate in patients with various forms of seizures. Chemical classification, structure, mechanism of action, pharm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/21/5083 |
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| author | Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Marta Karaźniewcz-Łada Franciszek K. Główka |
| author_facet | Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Marta Karaźniewcz-Łada Franciszek K. Główka |
| author_sort | Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The review presents data from the last few years on bioanalytical methods used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the 1st–3rd generation and the newest antiepileptic drug (AEDs) cenobamate in patients with various forms of seizures. Chemical classification, structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic data and therapeutic ranges for total and free fractions and interactions were collected. The primary data on bioanalytical methods for AEDs determination included biological matrices, sample preparation, dried blood spot (DBS) analysis, column resolution, detection method, validation parameters, and clinical utility. In conclusion, the most frequently described method used in AED analysis is the LC-based technique (HPLC, UHPLC, USLC) combined with highly sensitive mass detection or fluorescence detection. However, less sensitive UV is also used. Capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography have been rarely applied. Besides the precipitation of proteins or LLE, an automatic SPE is often a sample preparation method. Derivatization was also indicated to improve sensitivity and automate the analysis. The usefulness of the methods for TDM was also highlighted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:09:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b8a76cbb4784e81a6a85ca49ff4c2da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:09:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b8a76cbb4784e81a6a85ca49ff4c2da2023-11-20T19:32:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-11-012521508310.3390/molecules25215083New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta0Barbara Zielińska-Psuja1Marta Karaźniewcz-Łada2Franciszek K. Główka3Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznań, PolandThe review presents data from the last few years on bioanalytical methods used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the 1st–3rd generation and the newest antiepileptic drug (AEDs) cenobamate in patients with various forms of seizures. Chemical classification, structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic data and therapeutic ranges for total and free fractions and interactions were collected. The primary data on bioanalytical methods for AEDs determination included biological matrices, sample preparation, dried blood spot (DBS) analysis, column resolution, detection method, validation parameters, and clinical utility. In conclusion, the most frequently described method used in AED analysis is the LC-based technique (HPLC, UHPLC, USLC) combined with highly sensitive mass detection or fluorescence detection. However, less sensitive UV is also used. Capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography have been rarely applied. Besides the precipitation of proteins or LLE, an automatic SPE is often a sample preparation method. Derivatization was also indicated to improve sensitivity and automate the analysis. The usefulness of the methods for TDM was also highlighted.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/21/5083antiepileptic drugsbioanalysisclinical sampleshigh-performance liquid chromatographycapillary electrophoresisdried blood spots |
| spellingShingle | Karina Sommerfeld-Klatta Barbara Zielińska-Psuja Marta Karaźniewcz-Łada Franciszek K. Główka New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) Molecules antiepileptic drugs bioanalysis clinical samples high-performance liquid chromatography capillary electrophoresis dried blood spots |
| title | New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) |
| title_full | New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) |
| title_fullStr | New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) |
| title_short | New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) |
| title_sort | new methods used in pharmacokinetics and therapeutic monitoring of the first and newer generations of antiepileptic drugs aeds |
| topic | antiepileptic drugs bioanalysis clinical samples high-performance liquid chromatography capillary electrophoresis dried blood spots |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/21/5083 |
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