Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation
Multifunctional composite coatings composed of metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices are an advanced solution to solve the problem of stone heritage deterioration. Their innovative design is meant to be stable, durable, transparent, easy to apply and remove, non-toxic, hydrophobic,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/10/2586 |
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| author | Victor Fruth Ligia Todan Cosmin Iulian Codrea Iuliana Poenaru Simona Petrescu Ludmila Aricov Madalina Ciobanu Luiza Jecu Rodica Mariana Ion Luminita Predoana |
| author_facet | Victor Fruth Ligia Todan Cosmin Iulian Codrea Iuliana Poenaru Simona Petrescu Ludmila Aricov Madalina Ciobanu Luiza Jecu Rodica Mariana Ion Luminita Predoana |
| author_sort | Victor Fruth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multifunctional composite coatings composed of metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices are an advanced solution to solve the problem of stone heritage deterioration. Their innovative design is meant to be stable, durable, transparent, easy to apply and remove, non-toxic, hydrophobic, and permeable. Coating formulations for the protection of buildings and monuments have been intensively researched lately. Such formulations are based on multifunctional composite coatings incorporating metal oxides. The present work aims to combine the hydrophobic properties of sodium polyacrylate (NaPAC<sub>16</sub>) with the antimicrobial effectiveness, with promising antimicrobial results even in the absence of light, and good compatibility of MgO (a safe to use, low cost and environmentally friendly material) and TiO<sub>2</sub> (with antibacterial and antifungal properties), in order to develop coatings for stone materials protection. MgO (pure phase periclase) and TiO<sub>2</sub> (pure phase anatase) nanopowders were prepared through sol–gel method, specifically routes. Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobically modified polymer (NaPAC<sub>16</sub>, polyacrylic acid sodium salt) and MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopowders were deposited through layer-by-layer dip coating technique on glass slides and through immersion on stone fragments closely resembling the mosaic stone from the fourth century AD Roman Mosaic Edifice, from Constanta, Romania. The oxide nanopowders were characterized by: Thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area and porosity, and UV–Vis spectroscopy for band gap determination. An aqueous dispersion of modified polyacrylate polymer and oxide nanopowders was deposited on different substrates (glass slides, red bricks, gypsum mortars). Film hydrophobicity was verified by contact angle measurements. The colour parameters were evaluated. Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of the powders and composite coatings were tested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:19:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5b9c52bece4d4b849a835b49041e7625 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:19:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-5b9c52bece4d4b849a835b49041e76252023-11-22T19:23:36ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-09-011110258610.3390/nano11102586Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage ConservationVictor Fruth0Ligia Todan1Cosmin Iulian Codrea2Iuliana Poenaru3Simona Petrescu4Ludmila Aricov5Madalina Ciobanu6Luiza Jecu7Rodica Mariana Ion8Luminita Predoana9”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry INCDCP-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaNational Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry INCDCP-ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, RomaniaMultifunctional composite coatings composed of metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices are an advanced solution to solve the problem of stone heritage deterioration. Their innovative design is meant to be stable, durable, transparent, easy to apply and remove, non-toxic, hydrophobic, and permeable. Coating formulations for the protection of buildings and monuments have been intensively researched lately. Such formulations are based on multifunctional composite coatings incorporating metal oxides. The present work aims to combine the hydrophobic properties of sodium polyacrylate (NaPAC<sub>16</sub>) with the antimicrobial effectiveness, with promising antimicrobial results even in the absence of light, and good compatibility of MgO (a safe to use, low cost and environmentally friendly material) and TiO<sub>2</sub> (with antibacterial and antifungal properties), in order to develop coatings for stone materials protection. MgO (pure phase periclase) and TiO<sub>2</sub> (pure phase anatase) nanopowders were prepared through sol–gel method, specifically routes. Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobically modified polymer (NaPAC<sub>16</sub>, polyacrylic acid sodium salt) and MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopowders were deposited through layer-by-layer dip coating technique on glass slides and through immersion on stone fragments closely resembling the mosaic stone from the fourth century AD Roman Mosaic Edifice, from Constanta, Romania. The oxide nanopowders were characterized by: Thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area and porosity, and UV–Vis spectroscopy for band gap determination. An aqueous dispersion of modified polyacrylate polymer and oxide nanopowders was deposited on different substrates (glass slides, red bricks, gypsum mortars). Film hydrophobicity was verified by contact angle measurements. The colour parameters were evaluated. Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of the powders and composite coatings were tested.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/10/2586stone heritagemultifunctional compositeoxide nanopowderssodium polyacrylatesol–gellayer-by-layer |
| spellingShingle | Victor Fruth Ligia Todan Cosmin Iulian Codrea Iuliana Poenaru Simona Petrescu Ludmila Aricov Madalina Ciobanu Luiza Jecu Rodica Mariana Ion Luminita Predoana Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation Nanomaterials stone heritage multifunctional composite oxide nanopowders sodium polyacrylate sol–gel layer-by-layer |
| title | Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation |
| title_full | Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation |
| title_fullStr | Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation |
| title_short | Multifunctional Composite Coatings Based on Photoactive Metal-Oxide Nanopowders (MgO/TiO<sub>2</sub>) in Hydrophobic Polymer Matrix for Stone Heritage Conservation |
| title_sort | multifunctional composite coatings based on photoactive metal oxide nanopowders mgo tio sub 2 sub in hydrophobic polymer matrix for stone heritage conservation |
| topic | stone heritage multifunctional composite oxide nanopowders sodium polyacrylate sol–gel layer-by-layer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/10/2586 |
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