In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination
To evaluate and understand the efficacy of vaccine candidates, supportive immunological measures are needed. Critical attributes for a norovirus vaccine are the strength and breadth of antibody responses against the many different genotypes. In the absence of suitable neutralization assays to test s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/5/392 |
| _version_ | 1828874729358884864 |
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| author | Joel Haynes Virginia Perry Evelyn Benson Alisa Meeks Gayle Watts Heather Watkins Ralph Braun |
| author_facet | Joel Haynes Virginia Perry Evelyn Benson Alisa Meeks Gayle Watts Heather Watkins Ralph Braun |
| author_sort | Joel Haynes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To evaluate and understand the efficacy of vaccine candidates, supportive immunological measures are needed. Critical attributes for a norovirus vaccine are the strength and breadth of antibody responses against the many different genotypes. In the absence of suitable neutralization assays to test samples from vaccine clinical trials, blockade assays offer a method that can measure functional antibodies specific for many of the different norovirus strains. This paper describes development and optimization of blockade assays for an extended panel of 20 different norovirus strains that can provide robust and reliable data needed for vaccine assessment. The blockade assays were used to test a panel of human clinical samples taken before and after vaccination with the Takeda TAK-214 norovirus vaccine. Great variability was evident in the repertoire of blocking antibody responses prevaccination and postvaccination among individuals. Following vaccination with TAK-214, blocking antibody levels were enhanced across a wide spectrum of different genotypes. The results indicate that adults may have multiple exposures to norovirus and that the magnitude and breadth of the complex preexisting antibody response can be boosted and expanded by vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:44:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ba8334d16a649b59b84557a73fe84c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:44:04Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ba8334d16a649b59b84557a73fe84c92022-12-21T23:54:53ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-04-0111539210.3390/v11050392v11050392In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to VaccinationJoel Haynes0Virginia Perry1Evelyn Benson2Alisa Meeks3Gayle Watts4Heather Watkins5Ralph Braun6Vaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAVaccines Discovery Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA 02139, USATo evaluate and understand the efficacy of vaccine candidates, supportive immunological measures are needed. Critical attributes for a norovirus vaccine are the strength and breadth of antibody responses against the many different genotypes. In the absence of suitable neutralization assays to test samples from vaccine clinical trials, blockade assays offer a method that can measure functional antibodies specific for many of the different norovirus strains. This paper describes development and optimization of blockade assays for an extended panel of 20 different norovirus strains that can provide robust and reliable data needed for vaccine assessment. The blockade assays were used to test a panel of human clinical samples taken before and after vaccination with the Takeda TAK-214 norovirus vaccine. Great variability was evident in the repertoire of blocking antibody responses prevaccination and postvaccination among individuals. Following vaccination with TAK-214, blocking antibody levels were enhanced across a wide spectrum of different genotypes. The results indicate that adults may have multiple exposures to norovirus and that the magnitude and breadth of the complex preexisting antibody response can be boosted and expanded by vaccination.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/5/392norovirusVLPblockadevaccine |
| spellingShingle | Joel Haynes Virginia Perry Evelyn Benson Alisa Meeks Gayle Watts Heather Watkins Ralph Braun In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination Viruses norovirus VLP blockade vaccine |
| title | In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination |
| title_full | In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination |
| title_fullStr | In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination |
| title_short | In Depth Breadth Analyses of Human Blockade Responses to Norovirus and Response to Vaccination |
| title_sort | in depth breadth analyses of human blockade responses to norovirus and response to vaccination |
| topic | norovirus VLP blockade vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/5/392 |
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