Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan
Abstract Vulcanian activity is one of the most common eruption styles of arc andesitic volcanism on Earth. It ejects and deposits volcanic bombs around the source crater. Although paleomagnetic studies of volcanic bombs are limited, such studies can potentially provide more opportunities for high-re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Earth, Planets and Space |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01931-3 |
| _version_ | 1827604097866399744 |
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| author | Takeshi Hasegawa Bunta Kikuchi Shohei Shibata Yuhji Yamamoto Takumi Imura Masao Ban Kae Tsunematsu Chie Kusu Makoto Okada Tsukasa Ohba |
| author_facet | Takeshi Hasegawa Bunta Kikuchi Shohei Shibata Yuhji Yamamoto Takumi Imura Masao Ban Kae Tsunematsu Chie Kusu Makoto Okada Tsukasa Ohba |
| author_sort | Takeshi Hasegawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Vulcanian activity is one of the most common eruption styles of arc andesitic volcanism on Earth. It ejects and deposits volcanic bombs around the source crater. Although paleomagnetic studies of volcanic bombs are limited, such studies can potentially provide more opportunities for high-resolution paleomagnetic dating of volcanic activity. In this study, paleomagnetic dating was applied to large (> 1 m) volcanic bombs around active craters in the Azuma volcano group, NE Japan. Oriented samples were collected from the interior parts of five large volcanic bombs situated on gentle slopes, a few hundred meters from the source crater. More than six core samples were collected from each bomb and all samples were subjected to a range of rock magnetic experiments, including anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and thermal/alternating field demagnetization (THD/AFD) analyses. The Characteristic Remanent Magnetization (ChRM) directions for specimens from all bombs were well-defined, have small α95 (< 2.5º), and are in close agreement with each other. Comparing our measured overall mean direction (Dm = 355.5º, Im = 49.8º, α95 = 1.6º) with modeled geomagnetic field estimates and a reference secular variation curve for this area (using MATLAB-based archaeomagnetic dating tool), we suggest that the volcanic bombs were produced in the historical Meiji period (1893–1895 CE) eruption. In addition, a combination of the data of ChRM, AMS, thermomagnetic analyses, hysteresis measurement, and XRF analysis indicates that the volcanic bombs were derived from a plug of lava in the conduit under the solidification point (ca. 800 °C), but above the Curie point of the titanomagnetite remanence carrier (around 300 °C). We show that volcanic bombs can be powerful for paleomagnetic dating if certain sampling conditions, such as quantity, situation, size and portion are satisfied. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:54:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bba0049ec0b4090be3bf82e6af33f9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-5981 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:54:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth, Planets and Space |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bba0049ec0b4090be3bf82e6af33f9b2023-12-03T12:14:56ZengSpringerOpenEarth, Planets and Space1880-59812023-11-0175111210.1186/s40623-023-01931-3Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE JapanTakeshi Hasegawa0Bunta Kikuchi1Shohei Shibata2Yuhji Yamamoto3Takumi Imura4Masao Ban5Kae Tsunematsu6Chie Kusu7Makoto Okada8Tsukasa Ohba9Department of Earth Sciences, Ibaraki UniversityNational Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster ResilienceDepartment of Earth Sciences, Ibaraki UniversityMarine Core Research Institute, Kochi UniversityFaculty of Science, Yamagata UniversityFaculty of Science, Yamagata UniversityFaculty of Science, Yamagata UniversityDepartment of Earth Sciences, Ibaraki UniversityDepartment of Earth Sciences, Ibaraki UniversityGraduate School of International Resource Sciences, Akita UniversityAbstract Vulcanian activity is one of the most common eruption styles of arc andesitic volcanism on Earth. It ejects and deposits volcanic bombs around the source crater. Although paleomagnetic studies of volcanic bombs are limited, such studies can potentially provide more opportunities for high-resolution paleomagnetic dating of volcanic activity. In this study, paleomagnetic dating was applied to large (> 1 m) volcanic bombs around active craters in the Azuma volcano group, NE Japan. Oriented samples were collected from the interior parts of five large volcanic bombs situated on gentle slopes, a few hundred meters from the source crater. More than six core samples were collected from each bomb and all samples were subjected to a range of rock magnetic experiments, including anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and thermal/alternating field demagnetization (THD/AFD) analyses. The Characteristic Remanent Magnetization (ChRM) directions for specimens from all bombs were well-defined, have small α95 (< 2.5º), and are in close agreement with each other. Comparing our measured overall mean direction (Dm = 355.5º, Im = 49.8º, α95 = 1.6º) with modeled geomagnetic field estimates and a reference secular variation curve for this area (using MATLAB-based archaeomagnetic dating tool), we suggest that the volcanic bombs were produced in the historical Meiji period (1893–1895 CE) eruption. In addition, a combination of the data of ChRM, AMS, thermomagnetic analyses, hysteresis measurement, and XRF analysis indicates that the volcanic bombs were derived from a plug of lava in the conduit under the solidification point (ca. 800 °C), but above the Curie point of the titanomagnetite remanence carrier (around 300 °C). We show that volcanic bombs can be powerful for paleomagnetic dating if certain sampling conditions, such as quantity, situation, size and portion are satisfied. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01931-3Paleomagnetic datingVolcanic bombRock magnetismAzuma volcano groupVulcanian eruptions |
| spellingShingle | Takeshi Hasegawa Bunta Kikuchi Shohei Shibata Yuhji Yamamoto Takumi Imura Masao Ban Kae Tsunematsu Chie Kusu Makoto Okada Tsukasa Ohba Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan Earth, Planets and Space Paleomagnetic dating Volcanic bomb Rock magnetism Azuma volcano group Vulcanian eruptions |
| title | Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan |
| title_full | Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan |
| title_fullStr | Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan |
| title_short | Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan |
| title_sort | paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs an example from the historical eruption of azuma jododaira volcano ne japan |
| topic | Paleomagnetic dating Volcanic bomb Rock magnetism Azuma volcano group Vulcanian eruptions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01931-3 |
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