Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA
As fluctuating commodity prices change the agriculture landscape on a yearly basis, soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) has become the predominant crop in the southern USA, accounting for 65 percent of the total row crop production in the state. To accommodate increased soybean produ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/4/596 |
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| author | Nick R. Bateman Angus L. Catchot Jeff Gore Don R. Cook Fred R. Musser J. Trent Irby |
| author_facet | Nick R. Bateman Angus L. Catchot Jeff Gore Don R. Cook Fred R. Musser J. Trent Irby |
| author_sort | Nick R. Bateman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As fluctuating commodity prices change the agriculture landscape on a yearly basis, soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) has become the predominant crop in the southern USA, accounting for 65 percent of the total row crop production in the state. To accommodate increased soybean production, planting dates have expanded, spanning from late March through July. To determine the impact of this expanded planting window on soybean development and yield, field experiments were conducted at Starkville and Stoneville, MS, in 2013 and 2014. Treatments included seven planting dates ranging from 25 March to 15 July and two soybean cultivars (one Maturity Group IV and one Maturity Group V cultivar). These studies were conducted in irrigated high––yielding environments. Experimental units were sampled weekly for insect pests and insecticides were applied when populations exceeded the levels at which applications were recommended. Planting date had a significant impact on crop development, plant height, canopy closure, and yield. As planting date was delayed, the time required for crop development decreased from 122 total days for plantings on 25 March to 83 days for plantings on 15 July. For plantings after 2 June, plant height decreased by 1.1 cm per day. Canopy closure decreased by 1.01% per day after 27 May. Soybean yield decreased 26.7 kg/ha per day when soybean was planted after 20 April. This research demonstrates the importance of early planting dates for soybean producers in the southern US to ensure profitability by maximizing yield potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:18:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bbc3700cd4b44e4a06332bd12734362 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bbc3700cd4b44e4a06332bd127343622023-11-19T22:22:46ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-04-0110459610.3390/agronomy10040596Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USANick R. Bateman0Angus L. Catchot1Jeff Gore2Don R. Cook3Fred R. Musser4J. Trent Irby5Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, Rice Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 100 Old Highway 12, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, 82 Stoneville Rd P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS 38776, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Delta Research and Extension Center, 82 Stoneville Rd P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS 38776, USADepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, 100 Old Highway 12, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, 117 Dorman Hall Starkville, MS 39762, USAAs fluctuating commodity prices change the agriculture landscape on a yearly basis, soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) has become the predominant crop in the southern USA, accounting for 65 percent of the total row crop production in the state. To accommodate increased soybean production, planting dates have expanded, spanning from late March through July. To determine the impact of this expanded planting window on soybean development and yield, field experiments were conducted at Starkville and Stoneville, MS, in 2013 and 2014. Treatments included seven planting dates ranging from 25 March to 15 July and two soybean cultivars (one Maturity Group IV and one Maturity Group V cultivar). These studies were conducted in irrigated high––yielding environments. Experimental units were sampled weekly for insect pests and insecticides were applied when populations exceeded the levels at which applications were recommended. Planting date had a significant impact on crop development, plant height, canopy closure, and yield. As planting date was delayed, the time required for crop development decreased from 122 total days for plantings on 25 March to 83 days for plantings on 15 July. For plantings after 2 June, plant height decreased by 1.1 cm per day. Canopy closure decreased by 1.01% per day after 27 May. Soybean yield decreased 26.7 kg/ha per day when soybean was planted after 20 April. This research demonstrates the importance of early planting dates for soybean producers in the southern US to ensure profitability by maximizing yield potential.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/4/596soybeanplanting datecrop development |
| spellingShingle | Nick R. Bateman Angus L. Catchot Jeff Gore Don R. Cook Fred R. Musser J. Trent Irby Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA Agronomy soybean planting date crop development |
| title | Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA |
| title_full | Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA |
| title_short | Effects of Planting Date for Soybean Growth, Development, and Yield in the Southern USA |
| title_sort | effects of planting date for soybean growth development and yield in the southern usa |
| topic | soybean planting date crop development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/4/596 |
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