Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications
Ethanol consumption triggers oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its metabolites. This process leads to steatosis and liver inflammation, which are critical for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Autophagy is a regulated dynamic process that sequesters...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/7/1425 |
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| author | Daniel Salete-Granado Cristina Carbonell David Puertas-Miranda Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez Marina García-Macia Ana Belén Herrero Miguel Marcos |
| author_facet | Daniel Salete-Granado Cristina Carbonell David Puertas-Miranda Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez Marina García-Macia Ana Belén Herrero Miguel Marcos |
| author_sort | Daniel Salete-Granado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ethanol consumption triggers oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its metabolites. This process leads to steatosis and liver inflammation, which are critical for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Autophagy is a regulated dynamic process that sequesters damaged and excess cytoplasmic organelles for lysosomal degradation and may counteract the harmful effects of ROS-induced oxidative stress. These effects include hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial damage, steatosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and iron overload. In liver diseases, particularly ALD, macroautophagy has been implicated as a protective mechanism in hepatocytes, although it does not appear to play the same role in stellate cells. Beyond the liver, autophagy may also mitigate the harmful effects of alcohol on other organs, thereby providing an additional layer of protection against ALD. This protective potential is further supported by studies showing that drugs that interact with autophagy, such as rapamycin, can prevent ALD development in animal models. This systematic review presents a comprehensive analysis of the literature, focusing on the role of autophagy in oxidative stress regulation, its involvement in organ–organ crosstalk relevant to ALD, and the potential of autophagy-targeting therapeutic strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:21:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bbd84f2a10646118b43c96e6f6b48f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:21:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bbd84f2a10646118b43c96e6f6b48f02023-11-18T18:05:47ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-07-01127142510.3390/antiox12071425Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical ApplicationsDaniel Salete-Granado0Cristina Carbonell1David Puertas-Miranda2Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez3Marina García-Macia4Ana Belén Herrero5Miguel Marcos6Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainInstituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, SpainEthanol consumption triggers oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its metabolites. This process leads to steatosis and liver inflammation, which are critical for the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Autophagy is a regulated dynamic process that sequesters damaged and excess cytoplasmic organelles for lysosomal degradation and may counteract the harmful effects of ROS-induced oxidative stress. These effects include hepatotoxicity, mitochondrial damage, steatosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and iron overload. In liver diseases, particularly ALD, macroautophagy has been implicated as a protective mechanism in hepatocytes, although it does not appear to play the same role in stellate cells. Beyond the liver, autophagy may also mitigate the harmful effects of alcohol on other organs, thereby providing an additional layer of protection against ALD. This protective potential is further supported by studies showing that drugs that interact with autophagy, such as rapamycin, can prevent ALD development in animal models. This systematic review presents a comprehensive analysis of the literature, focusing on the role of autophagy in oxidative stress regulation, its involvement in organ–organ crosstalk relevant to ALD, and the potential of autophagy-targeting therapeutic strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/7/1425autophagyoxidative stressalcoholic liver diseasealcoholethanolmacroautophagy |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Salete-Granado Cristina Carbonell David Puertas-Miranda Víctor-José Vega-Rodríguez Marina García-Macia Ana Belén Herrero Miguel Marcos Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications Antioxidants autophagy oxidative stress alcoholic liver disease alcohol ethanol macroautophagy |
| title | Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_full | Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_short | Autophagy, Oxidative Stress, and Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Potential Clinical Applications |
| title_sort | autophagy oxidative stress and alcoholic liver disease a systematic review and potential clinical applications |
| topic | autophagy oxidative stress alcoholic liver disease alcohol ethanol macroautophagy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/7/1425 |
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