Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels
We experimentally demonstrate an eight-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) over atmospheric turbulence channels. The high secret key rate (SKR) is enabled by 4-D multiplexing of 96 channels, i.e., six-channel wavelength-division multiplexing, four-channel orbital angular mome...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2017-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Photonics Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8119485/ |
| _version_ | 1818329747184156672 |
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| author | Zhen Qu Ivan B. Djordjevic |
| author_facet | Zhen Qu Ivan B. Djordjevic |
| author_sort | Zhen Qu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We experimentally demonstrate an eight-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) over atmospheric turbulence channels. The high secret key rate (SKR) is enabled by 4-D multiplexing of 96 channels, i.e., six-channel wavelength-division multiplexing, four-channel orbital angular momentum multiplexing, two-channel polarization multiplexing, and two-channel spatial-position multiplexing. The atmospheric turbulence channel is emulated by a spatial light modulator on which a series of azimuthal phase patterns yielding Andrews' spectrum are recorded. A commercial coherent receiver is implemented at Bob's side, followed by a phase noise cancellation stage, where channel transmittance can be monitored accurately and phase noise can be effectively eliminated. Compared to four-state CV-QKD, eight-state CV-QKD protocol potentially provides a better performance by offering higher SKR, better excess noise tolerance, and longer secure transmission distance. In our proposed CV-QKD system, the minimum transmittances of 0.24 and 0.26 are required for OAM states of 2 (or -2) and 6 (or -6), respectively, to guarantee the secure transmission. A maximum SKR of 3.744 Gb/s is experimentally achievable, while a total SKR of 960 Mb/s can be obtained in case of mean channel transmittances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:52:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bbebadd6277432c8565daf6a44699ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1943-0655 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:52:58Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Photonics Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bbebadd6277432c8565daf6a44699ed2022-12-21T23:45:16ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552017-01-01961810.1109/JPHOT.2017.27772618119485Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent ChannelsZhen Qu0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-4538Ivan B. Djordjevic1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0764-0268Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USAWe experimentally demonstrate an eight-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) over atmospheric turbulence channels. The high secret key rate (SKR) is enabled by 4-D multiplexing of 96 channels, i.e., six-channel wavelength-division multiplexing, four-channel orbital angular momentum multiplexing, two-channel polarization multiplexing, and two-channel spatial-position multiplexing. The atmospheric turbulence channel is emulated by a spatial light modulator on which a series of azimuthal phase patterns yielding Andrews' spectrum are recorded. A commercial coherent receiver is implemented at Bob's side, followed by a phase noise cancellation stage, where channel transmittance can be monitored accurately and phase noise can be effectively eliminated. Compared to four-state CV-QKD, eight-state CV-QKD protocol potentially provides a better performance by offering higher SKR, better excess noise tolerance, and longer secure transmission distance. In our proposed CV-QKD system, the minimum transmittances of 0.24 and 0.26 are required for OAM states of 2 (or -2) and 6 (or -6), respectively, to guarantee the secure transmission. A maximum SKR of 3.744 Gb/s is experimentally achievable, while a total SKR of 960 Mb/s can be obtained in case of mean channel transmittances.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8119485/Continuous-variable quantum key distributiondiscrete modulationfree-space optical communicationmultiplexing |
| spellingShingle | Zhen Qu Ivan B. Djordjevic Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels IEEE Photonics Journal Continuous-variable quantum key distribution discrete modulation free-space optical communication multiplexing |
| title | Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels |
| title_full | Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels |
| title_fullStr | Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels |
| title_short | Four-Dimensionally Multiplexed Eight-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over Turbulent Channels |
| title_sort | four dimensionally multiplexed eight state continuous variable quantum key distribution over turbulent channels |
| topic | Continuous-variable quantum key distribution discrete modulation free-space optical communication multiplexing |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8119485/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zhenqu fourdimensionallymultiplexedeightstatecontinuousvariablequantumkeydistributionoverturbulentchannels AT ivanbdjordjevic fourdimensionallymultiplexedeightstatecontinuousvariablequantumkeydistributionoverturbulentchannels |