Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature
Farming of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar has resulted in highly domesticated individuals, with notable genetic and phenotypic differences from their wild counterparts. Understanding how interbreeding with aquaculture escapees affects wild, often at-risk populations is increasingly essential to conserv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Inter-Research
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v15/p323-337/ |
| _version_ | 1797397138215272448 |
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| author | IC San Román IR Bradbury SE Crowley SJ Duffy SS Islam IA Fleming |
| author_facet | IC San Román IR Bradbury SE Crowley SJ Duffy SS Islam IA Fleming |
| author_sort | IC San Román |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Farming of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar has resulted in highly domesticated individuals, with notable genetic and phenotypic differences from their wild counterparts. Understanding how interbreeding with aquaculture escapees affects wild, often at-risk populations is increasingly essential to conservation efforts. Here, we used an experimental release of wild, farm, and reciprocal F1 hybrid fry at 3 sites in the Garnish River in Newfoundland, Canada, to evaluate family and cross-specific patterns of recapture/survival, size, sex ratio, and precocial male maturation over a 28 mo period. Trends in cross type recapture changed over the study period, with the highest recapture at 3 mo in parr with wild mothers and between 15 and 28 mo in aquaculture offspring. Size trends among crosses and sites remained consistent over the study duration, with pure farm and wild-mother hybrids being consistently larger than wild individuals and 1 site displaying elevated sizes in all crosses. Rates of parr maturation differed by sex and cross type, and family-based analysis indicated family representation and size also remained consistent through time. These results indicate there is a difference in vital rates such as survival and precocial maturation between farm and wild Atlantic salmon during the freshwater early life history period, and this difference can change significantly over time. As such, an improved understanding of genetic and ecological interactions which takes this ontogenetic variation into account is likely essential to fully understand how hybridization and introgression with farm escapees are affecting wild populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:05:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bda1a69d5f54b4d9efa150f35794aae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1869-215X 1869-7534 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:05:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Inter-Research |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bda1a69d5f54b4d9efa150f35794aae2023-12-11T10:04:03ZengInter-ResearchAquaculture Environment Interactions1869-215X1869-75342023-11-011532333710.3354/aei00468Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in natureIC San Román0IR Bradbury1SE Crowley2SJ Duffy3SS Islam4IA Fleming5Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, CanadaNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL A1C 5X1, CanadaDepartment of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, CanadaNorthwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL A1C 5X1, CanadaDepartment of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, CanadaDepartment of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, CanadaFarming of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar has resulted in highly domesticated individuals, with notable genetic and phenotypic differences from their wild counterparts. Understanding how interbreeding with aquaculture escapees affects wild, often at-risk populations is increasingly essential to conservation efforts. Here, we used an experimental release of wild, farm, and reciprocal F1 hybrid fry at 3 sites in the Garnish River in Newfoundland, Canada, to evaluate family and cross-specific patterns of recapture/survival, size, sex ratio, and precocial male maturation over a 28 mo period. Trends in cross type recapture changed over the study period, with the highest recapture at 3 mo in parr with wild mothers and between 15 and 28 mo in aquaculture offspring. Size trends among crosses and sites remained consistent over the study duration, with pure farm and wild-mother hybrids being consistently larger than wild individuals and 1 site displaying elevated sizes in all crosses. Rates of parr maturation differed by sex and cross type, and family-based analysis indicated family representation and size also remained consistent through time. These results indicate there is a difference in vital rates such as survival and precocial maturation between farm and wild Atlantic salmon during the freshwater early life history period, and this difference can change significantly over time. As such, an improved understanding of genetic and ecological interactions which takes this ontogenetic variation into account is likely essential to fully understand how hybridization and introgression with farm escapees are affecting wild populations.https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v15/p323-337/ |
| spellingShingle | IC San Román IR Bradbury SE Crowley SJ Duffy SS Islam IA Fleming Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
| title | Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature |
| title_full | Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature |
| title_fullStr | Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature |
| title_short | Experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness-related traits of wild, farm, and hybrid Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in nature |
| title_sort | experimental comparison of changes in relative survival and fitness related traits of wild farm and hybrid atlantic salmon salmo salar in nature |
| url | https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v15/p323-337/ |
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