Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications
Abstract Lithium‐ion batteries have a very wide application range. They can power up small electronic devices such as smart watches to larger electric vehicles. Due to its varied range of applications, they come in different packaging and in such battery packs, even when individual cell voltage exce...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-11-01
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| Series: | IET Power Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12575 |
| _version_ | 1797542462993989632 |
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| author | Umapathi Krishnamoorthy Gobichettipalyam Shanmugam Satheesh Kumar Sourav Barua Hady Habib Fayek |
| author_facet | Umapathi Krishnamoorthy Gobichettipalyam Shanmugam Satheesh Kumar Sourav Barua Hady Habib Fayek |
| author_sort | Umapathi Krishnamoorthy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Lithium‐ion batteries have a very wide application range. They can power up small electronic devices such as smart watches to larger electric vehicles. Due to its varied range of applications, they come in different packaging and in such battery packs, even when individual cell voltage exceeds by a few milli‐volts above 4.2 V, it may result in thermal runaway and explode the cell. During discharge cycle, cell imbalances hinder the use of battery to its full capacity. This in turn decreases the battery lifetime. The individual battery cells should be equalized on a regular basis to keep the imbalances to a minimum and to have a good battery life. The process of balancing the individual cell charges by measuring the cell state of charge (SoC) and its voltage in a battery pack is known as cell balancing. This paper details an active cell balancing technique that uses a buck converter for balancing a series connected battery pack of lithium‐ion cells. A buck converter along with a pair of MOSFET switches for each cell, one turned on for charging the cell and the other one turned on while discharging the cell is used in this experiment. An algorithmic model suitable for reconfigurable battery systems that measures the individual cell voltages and is developed for balancing a pack of series connected Li‐ion battery cells. The developed model is simulated using MATLAB for verifying its performance. A state of charge of 25% is maintained across the cells and when SoC value drops below this even a difference of 0.02% is sensed by the algorithm to initiate balancing function. This balancing is found to take 275 ms to balance three 3.7 V batteries and thus the model is found to respond faster. The results show that this method can self‐adaptively attain satisfactory performance within a limited equalizing period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:30:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bdea1f5d476469dbfc3ad613a1959eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1755-4535 1755-4543 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:30:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IET Power Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bdea1f5d476469dbfc3ad613a1959eb2023-11-21T07:57:30ZengWileyIET Power Electronics1755-45351755-45432023-11-0116152492250310.1049/pel2.12575Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applicationsUmapathi Krishnamoorthy0Gobichettipalyam Shanmugam Satheesh Kumar1Sourav Barua2Hady Habib Fayek3Department of Biomedical Engineering KIT‐Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of Technology Coimbatore Tamil Nadu IndiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Erode Sengunthar Engineering College Erode IndiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Dhaka BangladeshElectromechanics Engineering Heliopolis University Cairo EgyptAbstract Lithium‐ion batteries have a very wide application range. They can power up small electronic devices such as smart watches to larger electric vehicles. Due to its varied range of applications, they come in different packaging and in such battery packs, even when individual cell voltage exceeds by a few milli‐volts above 4.2 V, it may result in thermal runaway and explode the cell. During discharge cycle, cell imbalances hinder the use of battery to its full capacity. This in turn decreases the battery lifetime. The individual battery cells should be equalized on a regular basis to keep the imbalances to a minimum and to have a good battery life. The process of balancing the individual cell charges by measuring the cell state of charge (SoC) and its voltage in a battery pack is known as cell balancing. This paper details an active cell balancing technique that uses a buck converter for balancing a series connected battery pack of lithium‐ion cells. A buck converter along with a pair of MOSFET switches for each cell, one turned on for charging the cell and the other one turned on while discharging the cell is used in this experiment. An algorithmic model suitable for reconfigurable battery systems that measures the individual cell voltages and is developed for balancing a pack of series connected Li‐ion battery cells. The developed model is simulated using MATLAB for verifying its performance. A state of charge of 25% is maintained across the cells and when SoC value drops below this even a difference of 0.02% is sensed by the algorithm to initiate balancing function. This balancing is found to take 275 ms to balance three 3.7 V batteries and thus the model is found to respond faster. The results show that this method can self‐adaptively attain satisfactory performance within a limited equalizing period.https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12575buck convertercell balancingcell voltagelithium‐ion batteryreconfigurable battery systemstate of charge |
| spellingShingle | Umapathi Krishnamoorthy Gobichettipalyam Shanmugam Satheesh Kumar Sourav Barua Hady Habib Fayek Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications IET Power Electronics buck converter cell balancing cell voltage lithium‐ion battery reconfigurable battery system state of charge |
| title | Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| title_full | Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| title_short | Investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium‐ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| title_sort | investigation of active cell balancing performance for series connected lithium ion cells in electric vehicle applications |
| topic | buck converter cell balancing cell voltage lithium‐ion battery reconfigurable battery system state of charge |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12575 |
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