Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato
Plant biomass in the form of waste materials and by-products from various industries can be a valuable material for the production of composts and growing media for urban gardening. In this study, pulp and paper mill sludge, fruit-vegetable waste, mushroom spent substrate and rye straw were used to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/13 |
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| author | Agnieszka Zawadzińska Piotr Salachna Jacek S. Nowak Waldemar Kowalczyk Rafał Piechocki Łukasz Łopusiewicz Anna Pietrak |
| author_facet | Agnieszka Zawadzińska Piotr Salachna Jacek S. Nowak Waldemar Kowalczyk Rafał Piechocki Łukasz Łopusiewicz Anna Pietrak |
| author_sort | Agnieszka Zawadzińska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant biomass in the form of waste materials and by-products from various industries can be a valuable material for the production of composts and growing media for urban gardening. In this study, pulp and paper mill sludge, fruit-vegetable waste, mushroom spent substrate and rye straw were used to produce compost that was further used as a medium component in container cultivation of tomato. The plants were grown in containers with a capacity of 3 dm<sup>3</sup> filled with three types of compost-based growing media supplemented with high peat, fen peat, pine bark and wood fiber. The tomato plants grown in 100% peat substrate served as controls. The plants grown in the compost-enriched media had a higher leaf greening index and percentage of ripe fruit, and exhibited an increased content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, potassium, calcium, magnesium and copper in fruit as compared with the control. The tomatoes grown in a medium consisting of 25% compost, 30% high peat, 15% low peat, 20% pine bark and 10% wood fiber reached the highest fresh fruit weight, total polyphenol content and L-ascorbic acid levels. This study demonstrated that the compost produced from natural materials from various sources was a valuable potting medium supplement with positive effects on tomato yield and nutritional value. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bec3ee17de641ea859a94e049edf8bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bec3ee17de641ea859a94e049edf8bb2023-11-23T12:36:49ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-12-011211310.3390/agronomy12010013Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of TomatoAgnieszka Zawadzińska0Piotr Salachna1Jacek S. Nowak2Waldemar Kowalczyk3Rafał Piechocki4Łukasz Łopusiewicz5Anna Pietrak6Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-459 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-459 Szczecin, PolandThe National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandThe National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, PolandDepartment of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-459 Szczecin, PolandCenter of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-270 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-459 Szczecin, PolandPlant biomass in the form of waste materials and by-products from various industries can be a valuable material for the production of composts and growing media for urban gardening. In this study, pulp and paper mill sludge, fruit-vegetable waste, mushroom spent substrate and rye straw were used to produce compost that was further used as a medium component in container cultivation of tomato. The plants were grown in containers with a capacity of 3 dm<sup>3</sup> filled with three types of compost-based growing media supplemented with high peat, fen peat, pine bark and wood fiber. The tomato plants grown in 100% peat substrate served as controls. The plants grown in the compost-enriched media had a higher leaf greening index and percentage of ripe fruit, and exhibited an increased content of total polyphenols and flavonoids, potassium, calcium, magnesium and copper in fruit as compared with the control. The tomatoes grown in a medium consisting of 25% compost, 30% high peat, 15% low peat, 20% pine bark and 10% wood fiber reached the highest fresh fruit weight, total polyphenol content and L-ascorbic acid levels. This study demonstrated that the compost produced from natural materials from various sources was a valuable potting medium supplement with positive effects on tomato yield and nutritional value.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/13biomasspotting mediafertilizer<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i>fruit characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka Zawadzińska Piotr Salachna Jacek S. Nowak Waldemar Kowalczyk Rafał Piechocki Łukasz Łopusiewicz Anna Pietrak Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato Agronomy biomass potting media fertilizer <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> fruit characteristics |
| title | Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato |
| title_full | Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato |
| title_fullStr | Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato |
| title_short | Compost Based on Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge, Fruit-Vegetable Waste, Mushroom Spent Substrate and Rye Straw Improves Yield and Nutritional Value of Tomato |
| title_sort | compost based on pulp and paper mill sludge fruit vegetable waste mushroom spent substrate and rye straw improves yield and nutritional value of tomato |
| topic | biomass potting media fertilizer <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> fruit characteristics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/1/13 |
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