Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study
ObjectiveTo explore the causal association between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density (BMD) through two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.MethodsA two-sample MR approach was adopted to explore the causal relationship of breakfast skipping with BMDs (across three skeletal sites an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1200892/full |
| _version_ | 1797634653198221312 |
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| author | Jinsheng Yu Chen Zhuang Wenxuan Guo Xing Zhou Yixuan Chen Likang Wang Wenkai Li Yiwen Zhu Rujie Zhuang Kun Tian |
| author_facet | Jinsheng Yu Chen Zhuang Wenxuan Guo Xing Zhou Yixuan Chen Likang Wang Wenkai Li Yiwen Zhu Rujie Zhuang Kun Tian |
| author_sort | Jinsheng Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveTo explore the causal association between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density (BMD) through two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.MethodsA two-sample MR approach was adopted to explore the causal relationship of breakfast skipping with BMDs (across three skeletal sites and five age groups). Publicly available genome-wide association study summary data were used for MR analysis. We used five methods to estimate the causal associations between breakfast skipping and BMDs: inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. IVW was used for the main analysis and the remaining four methods were used as supplementary analyses. The heterogeneity of the MR results was determined using IVW and MR-Egger methods. The pleiotropy of the MR results was determined using MR-Egger intercept. Furthermore, a leave-one-out test was performed to determine whether the MR results were affected by a single nucleotide polymorphism.ResultsWith the IVW method, we did not find any causal relationship between breakfast skipping and forearm, femoral neck, and lumbar spine BMD. Subsequently, when we included BMD data stratified by five different age groups in the analysis, the results showed that there was no apparent causal effect between breakfast skipping and age-stratified BMD. This finding was supported by all four supplementary methods (P > 0.05 for all methods). No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected in any of the analyses (P > 0.05). The leave-one-out tests conducted in the analyses did not identify any single nucleotide polymorphism that could have influenced the MR results, indicating the reliability of our findings.ConclusionNo causal effect was found between breakfast skipping and BMD (across three skeletal sites and five age groups). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:11:39Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:11:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5beca56762c44b5e84b6764dedecfc212023-11-07T12:07:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922023-11-011410.3389/fendo.2023.12008921200892Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized studyJinsheng Yu0Chen Zhuang1Wenxuan Guo2Xing Zhou3Yixuan Chen4Likang Wang5Wenkai Li6Yiwen Zhu7Rujie Zhuang8Kun Tian9The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaAlberta Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, ChinaOrthopedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, ChinaThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaThe First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaOrthopedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, ChinaOrthopedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, ChinaObjectiveTo explore the causal association between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density (BMD) through two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.MethodsA two-sample MR approach was adopted to explore the causal relationship of breakfast skipping with BMDs (across three skeletal sites and five age groups). Publicly available genome-wide association study summary data were used for MR analysis. We used five methods to estimate the causal associations between breakfast skipping and BMDs: inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. IVW was used for the main analysis and the remaining four methods were used as supplementary analyses. The heterogeneity of the MR results was determined using IVW and MR-Egger methods. The pleiotropy of the MR results was determined using MR-Egger intercept. Furthermore, a leave-one-out test was performed to determine whether the MR results were affected by a single nucleotide polymorphism.ResultsWith the IVW method, we did not find any causal relationship between breakfast skipping and forearm, femoral neck, and lumbar spine BMD. Subsequently, when we included BMD data stratified by five different age groups in the analysis, the results showed that there was no apparent causal effect between breakfast skipping and age-stratified BMD. This finding was supported by all four supplementary methods (P > 0.05 for all methods). No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected in any of the analyses (P > 0.05). The leave-one-out tests conducted in the analyses did not identify any single nucleotide polymorphism that could have influenced the MR results, indicating the reliability of our findings.ConclusionNo causal effect was found between breakfast skipping and BMD (across three skeletal sites and five age groups).https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1200892/fullgeneticsMendelian randomizationcausal relationshipbone mineral densitybreakfast skipping |
| spellingShingle | Jinsheng Yu Chen Zhuang Wenxuan Guo Xing Zhou Yixuan Chen Likang Wang Wenkai Li Yiwen Zhu Rujie Zhuang Kun Tian Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study Frontiers in Endocrinology genetics Mendelian randomization causal relationship bone mineral density breakfast skipping |
| title | Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study |
| title_full | Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study |
| title_fullStr | Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study |
| title_short | Causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomized study |
| title_sort | causal relationship between breakfast skipping and bone mineral density a two sample mendelian randomized study |
| topic | genetics Mendelian randomization causal relationship bone mineral density breakfast skipping |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1200892/full |
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