The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion
Palm oil methyl ester is blended with diesel oil as a commercial diesel product in Malaysia, known as biodiesel B10. Biodiesel mixed with water proved to reduced simultaneously both the particulate matter and NOx during combustion. Emulsified biodiesel also caused a secondary atomization due to micr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821004063 |
| _version_ | 1818589440291897344 |
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| author | Syed Muhammad Syed Masharuddin Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim Mior Azman Meor Said Nur Hazira Amran Mhadi A. Ismael |
| author_facet | Syed Muhammad Syed Masharuddin Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim Mior Azman Meor Said Nur Hazira Amran Mhadi A. Ismael |
| author_sort | Syed Muhammad Syed Masharuddin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Palm oil methyl ester is blended with diesel oil as a commercial diesel product in Malaysia, known as biodiesel B10. Biodiesel mixed with water proved to reduced simultaneously both the particulate matter and NOx during combustion. Emulsified biodiesel also caused a secondary atomization due to micro-explosion of the fuel droplets, which is beneficial in improving combustion efficiency. The main factors and events leading to micro-explosion for palm oil derived biodiesel emulsified fuel has yet to be made available in the open literature. Hence, this study aimed to visualize the droplet evolution to micro-explosion of single droplet when heated. A single droplet was placed on the hot surface of a hotplate maintained at 500 °C and the droplet evolution time leading to micro-explosion were capture using a high-speed camera. The study found that all samples of the emulsified fuels produced micro-explosions in four distinct stages. The droplet underwent from a homogenous emulsion, turning from milky color to being transparent during the separation stage, volume expansion during the bubble growth stage, intense coalescence and puffing stage and finally micro-explosion stage. Larger water particles size and higher hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values are the main factors that caused shorter time leading to micro-explosion of droplets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:40:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5bef67bcb5c747349df1d767685c14ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T09:40:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-5bef67bcb5c747349df1d767685c14ae2022-12-21T22:36:18ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682022-01-01611541547The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosionSyed Muhammad Syed Masharuddin0Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim1Mior Azman Meor Said2Nur Hazira Amran3Mhadi A. Ismael4Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility (CAREM), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, MalaysiaCentre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility (CAREM), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Corresponding author at: Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.Centre for Automotive Research and Electric Mobility (CAREM), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, MalaysiaMechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, MalaysiaMechanical Engineering Department, University of Bahri, Khartoum Bahri, Khartoum, SudanPalm oil methyl ester is blended with diesel oil as a commercial diesel product in Malaysia, known as biodiesel B10. Biodiesel mixed with water proved to reduced simultaneously both the particulate matter and NOx during combustion. Emulsified biodiesel also caused a secondary atomization due to micro-explosion of the fuel droplets, which is beneficial in improving combustion efficiency. The main factors and events leading to micro-explosion for palm oil derived biodiesel emulsified fuel has yet to be made available in the open literature. Hence, this study aimed to visualize the droplet evolution to micro-explosion of single droplet when heated. A single droplet was placed on the hot surface of a hotplate maintained at 500 °C and the droplet evolution time leading to micro-explosion were capture using a high-speed camera. The study found that all samples of the emulsified fuels produced micro-explosions in four distinct stages. The droplet underwent from a homogenous emulsion, turning from milky color to being transparent during the separation stage, volume expansion during the bubble growth stage, intense coalescence and puffing stage and finally micro-explosion stage. Larger water particles size and higher hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values are the main factors that caused shorter time leading to micro-explosion of droplets.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821004063Palm oilBiodieselMicro-explosionPuffingSecondary atomizationAlternative fuels |
| spellingShingle | Syed Muhammad Syed Masharuddin Zainal Ambri Abdul Karim Mior Azman Meor Said Nur Hazira Amran Mhadi A. Ismael The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion Alexandria Engineering Journal Palm oil Biodiesel Micro-explosion Puffing Secondary atomization Alternative fuels |
| title | The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion |
| title_full | The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion |
| title_fullStr | The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion |
| title_full_unstemmed | The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion |
| title_short | The evolution of a single droplet water-in-palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro-explosion |
| title_sort | evolution of a single droplet water in palm oil derived biodiesel emulsion leading to micro explosion |
| topic | Palm oil Biodiesel Micro-explosion Puffing Secondary atomization Alternative fuels |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821004063 |
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