Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of various biomarkers associated with medical conditions including early detection of viruses and bacteria with highly sensitive biosensors is currently a research priority. Aptamer is a chemically derived recognition molecule capable of detecting and binding small molec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/4/932 |
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| author | Olubunmi O. Ayodele Adeyinka O. Adesina Sajedeh Pourianejad Jared Averitt Tetyana Ignatova |
| author_facet | Olubunmi O. Ayodele Adeyinka O. Adesina Sajedeh Pourianejad Jared Averitt Tetyana Ignatova |
| author_sort | Olubunmi O. Ayodele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid and accurate diagnosis of various biomarkers associated with medical conditions including early detection of viruses and bacteria with highly sensitive biosensors is currently a research priority. Aptamer is a chemically derived recognition molecule capable of detecting and binding small molecules with high specificity and its fast preparation time, cost effectiveness, ease of modification, stability at high temperature and pH are some of the advantages it has over traditional detection methods such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Higher sensitivity and selectivity can further be achieved via coupling of aptamers with nanomaterials and these conjugates called “aptasensors” are receiving greater attention in early diagnosis and therapy. This review will highlight the selection protocol of aptamers based on Traditional Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) and the various types of modified SELEX. We further identify both the advantages and drawbacks associated with the modified version of SELEX. Furthermore, we describe the current advances in aptasensor development and the quality of signal types, which are dependent on surface area and other specific properties of the selected nanomaterials, are also reviewed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5beff62f77c446f3ab14919ba6668f7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-5beff62f77c446f3ab14919ba6668f7c2023-11-21T14:22:37ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-04-0111493210.3390/nano11040932Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and TherapyOlubunmi O. Ayodele0Adeyinka O. Adesina1Sajedeh Pourianejad2Jared Averitt3Tetyana Ignatova4Nanoscience Department, The Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USANanoscience Department, The Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USANanoscience Department, The Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USANanoscience Department, The Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USANanoscience Department, The Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27401, USARapid and accurate diagnosis of various biomarkers associated with medical conditions including early detection of viruses and bacteria with highly sensitive biosensors is currently a research priority. Aptamer is a chemically derived recognition molecule capable of detecting and binding small molecules with high specificity and its fast preparation time, cost effectiveness, ease of modification, stability at high temperature and pH are some of the advantages it has over traditional detection methods such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Higher sensitivity and selectivity can further be achieved via coupling of aptamers with nanomaterials and these conjugates called “aptasensors” are receiving greater attention in early diagnosis and therapy. This review will highlight the selection protocol of aptamers based on Traditional Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) and the various types of modified SELEX. We further identify both the advantages and drawbacks associated with the modified version of SELEX. Furthermore, we describe the current advances in aptasensor development and the quality of signal types, which are dependent on surface area and other specific properties of the selected nanomaterials, are also reviewed.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/4/932aptamergold nanoparticlesquantum dotsgrapheneMoS<sub>2</sub>carbon nanotubes |
| spellingShingle | Olubunmi O. Ayodele Adeyinka O. Adesina Sajedeh Pourianejad Jared Averitt Tetyana Ignatova Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy Nanomaterials aptamer gold nanoparticles quantum dots graphene MoS<sub>2</sub> carbon nanotubes |
| title | Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy |
| title_sort | recent advances in nanomaterial based aptasensors in medical diagnosis and therapy |
| topic | aptamer gold nanoparticles quantum dots graphene MoS<sub>2</sub> carbon nanotubes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/4/932 |
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