Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study
Dietary protein sources and protein adequacy are crucial modulators of muscle quality and body composition. We investigated the association between dietary protein sources (and their adequacy) and body composition and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in South Korean populations. The participants...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Jieun Kim Kyoungsik Jeong Sueun Lim Siwoo Lee Younghwa Baek |
| author_facet | Jieun Kim Kyoungsik Jeong Sueun Lim Siwoo Lee Younghwa Baek |
| author_sort | Jieun Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dietary protein sources and protein adequacy are crucial modulators of muscle quality and body composition. We investigated the association between dietary protein sources (and their adequacy) and body composition and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in South Korean populations. The participants (<i>n</i> = 1967) were classified into SO, obese, sarcopenia, and normal groups. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the KS-15 questionnaire, short-form food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. The percentage of body fat (male: 35.36 ± 0.51%; female: 44.14 ± 0.36%) was significantly high, while appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM; male: 36.39 ± 0.30%, female: 30.32 ± 0.19%) was low in the SO group. Beef and pork consumption was negatively associated with ASM (%) but positively associated with body fat (%) in the normal group and positively associated with ASM (kg/m<sup>2</sup>: beta = 0.002, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and BFM (kg: beta = 0.012, <i>p</i> = 0.03) in the SO group, respectively. The highest quintile (Q5: 173.6 g/day) showed a decreased risk of SO prevalence (AORs: 0.46, CI: 0.22–0.94) compared with that in the lowest quintile (Q1: 21.6 g/day) among the people with inadequacy protein intake. Daily poultry and egg intake was positively linked with body composition in the participants with SO, while red meat showed a negative effect on imbalanced body composition in participants in the normal and SO groups. Furthermore, a lower intake of poultry and eggs was strongly associated with SO prevalence in people who consumed inadequate amounts of daily dietary protein. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5bf4b0f9a78348fd88e18de35d3c81262024-02-23T15:27:08ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892024-02-0114213010.3390/metabo14020130Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional StudyJieun Kim0Kyoungsik Jeong1Sueun Lim2Siwoo Lee3Younghwa Baek4Division of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of KoreaDivision of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of KoreaDivision of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of KoreaDivision of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of KoreaDivision of Korean Medicine Data, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of KoreaDietary protein sources and protein adequacy are crucial modulators of muscle quality and body composition. We investigated the association between dietary protein sources (and their adequacy) and body composition and the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in South Korean populations. The participants (<i>n</i> = 1967) were classified into SO, obese, sarcopenia, and normal groups. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the KS-15 questionnaire, short-form food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. The percentage of body fat (male: 35.36 ± 0.51%; female: 44.14 ± 0.36%) was significantly high, while appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM; male: 36.39 ± 0.30%, female: 30.32 ± 0.19%) was low in the SO group. Beef and pork consumption was negatively associated with ASM (%) but positively associated with body fat (%) in the normal group and positively associated with ASM (kg/m<sup>2</sup>: beta = 0.002, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and BFM (kg: beta = 0.012, <i>p</i> = 0.03) in the SO group, respectively. The highest quintile (Q5: 173.6 g/day) showed a decreased risk of SO prevalence (AORs: 0.46, CI: 0.22–0.94) compared with that in the lowest quintile (Q1: 21.6 g/day) among the people with inadequacy protein intake. Daily poultry and egg intake was positively linked with body composition in the participants with SO, while red meat showed a negative effect on imbalanced body composition in participants in the normal and SO groups. Furthermore, a lower intake of poultry and eggs was strongly associated with SO prevalence in people who consumed inadequate amounts of daily dietary protein.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/2/130body compositionbody fat massskeletal muscle massprotein adequacysarcopenic obesity |
| spellingShingle | Jieun Kim Kyoungsik Jeong Sueun Lim Siwoo Lee Younghwa Baek Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study Metabolites body composition body fat mass skeletal muscle mass protein adequacy sarcopenic obesity |
| title | Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Association of Dietary Protein Sources and Their Adequacy, Body Composition and Risk of Sarcopenic Obesity in South Korean Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | association of dietary protein sources and their adequacy body composition and risk of sarcopenic obesity in south korean populations a cross sectional study |
| topic | body composition body fat mass skeletal muscle mass protein adequacy sarcopenic obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/2/130 |
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