Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials
Hybrid materials, i.e., the organically modified silicates (ORMOSIL) based on zincphthalocyanine (ZnPc) and silica glass matrix were synthesized by the sol-gel method using protic solvents (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol) and aprotic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide; DMF). The effect of an al...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/592 |
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| author | Barbara Popanda Marcin Środa Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska |
| author_facet | Barbara Popanda Marcin Środa Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska |
| author_sort | Barbara Popanda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hybrid materials, i.e., the organically modified silicates (ORMOSIL) based on zincphthalocyanine (ZnPc) and silica glass matrix were synthesized by the sol-gel method using protic solvents (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol) and aprotic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide; DMF). The effect of an alkaline environment with NaOH addition (a single-stage process) and acid–alkaline environment with CH<sub>3</sub>COOH-NH<sub>4</sub>OH and HCl-NaOH (a two-stage process) was analyzed. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to study the stability of ZnPc in the sol. The highest stability of zinc phthalocyanine in the glass was obtained for synthesis with isopropanol in the presence of the alkaline catalyst. The lowest stability of ZnPc was observed when the aprotic solvent was used. The structure and optical properties of the gels were studied by SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL), respectively. The thermal stability of the materials was analyzed by TG-DSC methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:06:20Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:06:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5bf5790a11f540d6909089a782e09a182023-11-21T21:05:30ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-05-0111659210.3390/cryst11060592Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid MaterialsBarbara Popanda0Marcin Środa1Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska2Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Engineering Materials and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Engineering Materials and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Engineering Materials and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, PolandHybrid materials, i.e., the organically modified silicates (ORMOSIL) based on zincphthalocyanine (ZnPc) and silica glass matrix were synthesized by the sol-gel method using protic solvents (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol) and aprotic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide; DMF). The effect of an alkaline environment with NaOH addition (a single-stage process) and acid–alkaline environment with CH<sub>3</sub>COOH-NH<sub>4</sub>OH and HCl-NaOH (a two-stage process) was analyzed. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to study the stability of ZnPc in the sol. The highest stability of zinc phthalocyanine in the glass was obtained for synthesis with isopropanol in the presence of the alkaline catalyst. The lowest stability of ZnPc was observed when the aprotic solvent was used. The structure and optical properties of the gels were studied by SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL), respectively. The thermal stability of the materials was analyzed by TG-DSC methods.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/592zinc phthalocyanineORMOSILsol-gelsilica glassprotic and aprotic solventsluminescence |
| spellingShingle | Barbara Popanda Marcin Środa Katarzyna Cholewa-Kowalska Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials Crystals zinc phthalocyanine ORMOSIL sol-gel silica glass protic and aprotic solvents luminescence |
| title | Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials |
| title_full | Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials |
| title_short | Effect of Solvent and Catalyst Types on Stability and Properties of Zinc Phthalocyanine in the Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials |
| title_sort | effect of solvent and catalyst types on stability and properties of zinc phthalocyanine in the organic inorganic hybrid materials |
| topic | zinc phthalocyanine ORMOSIL sol-gel silica glass protic and aprotic solvents luminescence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/6/592 |
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