Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE
Abstract Indian cultural influence is remarkable in present-day Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), and it may have stimulated early state formation in the region. Various present-day populations in MSEA harbor a low level of South Asian ancestry, but previous studies failed to detect such ancestry in a...
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Nature Portfolio
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26799-3 |
| _version_ | 1797973631870959616 |
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| author | Piya Changmai Ron Pinhasi Michael Pietrusewsky Miriam T. Stark Rona Michi Ikehara-Quebral David Reich Pavel Flegontov |
| author_facet | Piya Changmai Ron Pinhasi Michael Pietrusewsky Miriam T. Stark Rona Michi Ikehara-Quebral David Reich Pavel Flegontov |
| author_sort | Piya Changmai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Indian cultural influence is remarkable in present-day Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), and it may have stimulated early state formation in the region. Various present-day populations in MSEA harbor a low level of South Asian ancestry, but previous studies failed to detect such ancestry in any ancient individual from MSEA. In this study, we discovered a substantial level of South Asian admixture (ca. 40–50%) in a Protohistoric individual from the Vat Komnou cemetery at the Angkor Borei site in Cambodia. The location and direct radiocarbon dating result on the human bone (95% confidence interval is 78–234 calCE) indicate that this individual lived during the early period of Funan, one of the earliest states in MSEA, which shows that the South Asian gene flow to Cambodia started about a millennium earlier than indicated by previous published results of genetic dating relying on present-day populations. Plausible proxies for the South Asian ancestry source in this individual are present-day populations in Southern India, and the individual shares more genetic drift with present-day Cambodians than with most present-day East and Southeast Asian populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:07:20Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5c082faf8a09499baa610aa98cc2a124 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:07:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c082faf8a09499baa610aa98cc2a1242023-01-01T12:18:27ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-12-0112111010.1038/s41598-022-26799-3Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CEPiya Changmai0Ron Pinhasi1Michael Pietrusewsky2Miriam T. Stark3Rona Michi Ikehara-Quebral4David Reich5Pavel Flegontov6Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of OstravaDepartment of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of ViennaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Hawai‘i-MānoaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Hawai‘i-MānoaDepartment of Anthropology, University of Hawai‘i-MānoaDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard UniversityDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of OstravaAbstract Indian cultural influence is remarkable in present-day Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA), and it may have stimulated early state formation in the region. Various present-day populations in MSEA harbor a low level of South Asian ancestry, but previous studies failed to detect such ancestry in any ancient individual from MSEA. In this study, we discovered a substantial level of South Asian admixture (ca. 40–50%) in a Protohistoric individual from the Vat Komnou cemetery at the Angkor Borei site in Cambodia. The location and direct radiocarbon dating result on the human bone (95% confidence interval is 78–234 calCE) indicate that this individual lived during the early period of Funan, one of the earliest states in MSEA, which shows that the South Asian gene flow to Cambodia started about a millennium earlier than indicated by previous published results of genetic dating relying on present-day populations. Plausible proxies for the South Asian ancestry source in this individual are present-day populations in Southern India, and the individual shares more genetic drift with present-day Cambodians than with most present-day East and Southeast Asian populations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26799-3 |
| spellingShingle | Piya Changmai Ron Pinhasi Michael Pietrusewsky Miriam T. Stark Rona Michi Ikehara-Quebral David Reich Pavel Flegontov Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE Scientific Reports |
| title | Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE |
| title_full | Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE |
| title_fullStr | Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE |
| title_short | Ancient DNA from Protohistoric Period Cambodia indicates that South Asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st–3rd centuries CE |
| title_sort | ancient dna from protohistoric period cambodia indicates that south asians admixed with local populations as early as 1st 3rd centuries ce |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26799-3 |
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