Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L.
The <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. (HML) Medic, an edible hibiscus of the Malvaceae family, is abundant with flavonoids. The study investigated how <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-assisted pretreatment affects the extraction and bioactivity of flavonoids from HML....
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1046 |
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| author | Xiurong Ju Tao Chen Yutao Ding Dan Yu Jingyu Zhang Ruyuan Zhang Yang Zhang Xinyu Wang Tao Xu Jiayou Li |
| author_facet | Xiurong Ju Tao Chen Yutao Ding Dan Yu Jingyu Zhang Ruyuan Zhang Yang Zhang Xinyu Wang Tao Xu Jiayou Li |
| author_sort | Xiurong Ju |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. (HML) Medic, an edible hibiscus of the Malvaceae family, is abundant with flavonoids. The study investigated how <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-assisted pretreatment affects the extraction and bioactivity of flavonoids from HML. The fiber structure of the fermented flavonoid sample (RFF) appears looser, more porous, and more disordered than the unfermented flavonoid sample (RUF). RFF demonstrates milder conditions and yields higher extraction rates. According to the Box–Behnken response surface optimization experiment, the optimal conditions for RFF include a material–liquid ratio of 1:41 g/mL, a 2 h extraction time, a 57% ethanol concentration, and an extraction temperature of 800 °C, resulting in a 3.69% extraction yield, which is 39.25% higher than that of RUF. Additionally, RFF exhibits greater activity than RUF in the radical-scavenging system. The IC50 values for DPPH, OH, and ABTS radicals are 83.43 μg/mL and 82.62 μg/mL, 208.38 μg/mL and 175.99 μg/mL, and 108.59 μg/mL and 75.39 μg/mL for RUF and RFF, respectively. UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis of the active components in the HML flavonoid sample revealed significant differences in the chromatograms of RUF and RFF, indicating that biofermentation led to substantial changes in composition and content from HML. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:24:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c0e405ea3104d5e86071e75428fcab3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:24:20Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c0e405ea3104d5e86071e75428fcab32024-03-12T16:50:52ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-02-01295104610.3390/molecules29051046Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L.Xiurong Ju0Tao Chen1Yutao Ding2Dan Yu3Jingyu Zhang4Ruyuan Zhang5Yang Zhang6Xinyu Wang7Tao Xu8Jiayou Li9College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSuqian Product Quality Supervision and Testing Istitute, Suqian 223800, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ChinaThe <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. (HML) Medic, an edible hibiscus of the Malvaceae family, is abundant with flavonoids. The study investigated how <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-assisted pretreatment affects the extraction and bioactivity of flavonoids from HML. The fiber structure of the fermented flavonoid sample (RFF) appears looser, more porous, and more disordered than the unfermented flavonoid sample (RUF). RFF demonstrates milder conditions and yields higher extraction rates. According to the Box–Behnken response surface optimization experiment, the optimal conditions for RFF include a material–liquid ratio of 1:41 g/mL, a 2 h extraction time, a 57% ethanol concentration, and an extraction temperature of 800 °C, resulting in a 3.69% extraction yield, which is 39.25% higher than that of RUF. Additionally, RFF exhibits greater activity than RUF in the radical-scavenging system. The IC50 values for DPPH, OH, and ABTS radicals are 83.43 μg/mL and 82.62 μg/mL, 208.38 μg/mL and 175.99 μg/mL, and 108.59 μg/mL and 75.39 μg/mL for RUF and RFF, respectively. UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis of the active components in the HML flavonoid sample revealed significant differences in the chromatograms of RUF and RFF, indicating that biofermentation led to substantial changes in composition and content from HML.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1046<i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i><i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L.total flavonoidsfermentationantioxidant activityUPLC-QTOF-MS |
| spellingShingle | Xiurong Ju Tao Chen Yutao Ding Dan Yu Jingyu Zhang Ruyuan Zhang Yang Zhang Xinyu Wang Tao Xu Jiayou Li Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. Molecules <i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i> <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. total flavonoids fermentation antioxidant activity UPLC-QTOF-MS |
| title | Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. |
| title_full | Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. |
| title_fullStr | Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. |
| title_short | Effects of <i>Rhizopus</i>-<i>arrhizus</i>-31-Assisted Pretreatment on the Extraction and Bioactivity of Total Flavonoids from <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. |
| title_sort | effects of i rhizopus i i arrhizus i 31 assisted pretreatment on the extraction and bioactivity of total flavonoids from i hibiscus manihot i l |
| topic | <i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i> <i>Hibiscus manihot</i> L. total flavonoids fermentation antioxidant activity UPLC-QTOF-MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1046 |
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