Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, rapid in onset, and can lead to fatal consequences if not promptly treated. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in past decades and continues to rise. Therefore, there is a general interest in understanding the molecular mechanism tha...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4935 |
| _version_ | 1797535076262608896 |
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| author | Yanru Guo Elizabeth Proaño-Pérez Rosa Muñoz-Cano Margarita Martin |
| author_facet | Yanru Guo Elizabeth Proaño-Pérez Rosa Muñoz-Cano Margarita Martin |
| author_sort | Yanru Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, rapid in onset, and can lead to fatal consequences if not promptly treated. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in past decades and continues to rise. Therefore, there is a general interest in understanding the molecular mechanism that leads to an exacerbated response. The main effector cells are mast cells, commonly triggered by stimuli that involve the IgE-dependent or IgE-independent pathway. These signaling pathways converge in the release of proinflammatory mediators, such as histamine, tryptases, prostaglandins, etc., in minutes. The action and cell targets of these proinflammatory mediators are linked to the pathophysiologic consequences observed in this severe allergic reaction. While many molecules are involved in cellular regulation, the expression and regulation of transcription factors involved in the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators and secretory granule homeostasis are of special interest, due to their ability to control gene expression and change phenotype, and they may be key in the severity of the entire reaction. In this review, we will describe our current understanding of the pathophysiology of human anaphylaxis, focusing on the transcription factors’ contributions to this systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Host mutation in transcription factor expression, or deregulation of their activity in an anaphylaxis context, will be updated. So far, the risk of anaphylaxis is unpredictable thus, increasing our knowledge of the molecular mechanism that leads and regulates mast cell activity will enable us to improve our understanding of how anaphylaxis can be prevented or treated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:39:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c20a30c9c8c4a3098cb660c0fe009e4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:39:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c20a30c9c8c4a3098cb660c0fe009e42023-11-21T18:34:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-01229493510.3390/ijms22094935Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor ActivityYanru Guo0Elizabeth Proaño-Pérez1Rosa Muñoz-Cano2Margarita Martin3Biochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainBiochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainClinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, SpainBiochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainAnaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, rapid in onset, and can lead to fatal consequences if not promptly treated. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in past decades and continues to rise. Therefore, there is a general interest in understanding the molecular mechanism that leads to an exacerbated response. The main effector cells are mast cells, commonly triggered by stimuli that involve the IgE-dependent or IgE-independent pathway. These signaling pathways converge in the release of proinflammatory mediators, such as histamine, tryptases, prostaglandins, etc., in minutes. The action and cell targets of these proinflammatory mediators are linked to the pathophysiologic consequences observed in this severe allergic reaction. While many molecules are involved in cellular regulation, the expression and regulation of transcription factors involved in the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators and secretory granule homeostasis are of special interest, due to their ability to control gene expression and change phenotype, and they may be key in the severity of the entire reaction. In this review, we will describe our current understanding of the pathophysiology of human anaphylaxis, focusing on the transcription factors’ contributions to this systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Host mutation in transcription factor expression, or deregulation of their activity in an anaphylaxis context, will be updated. So far, the risk of anaphylaxis is unpredictable thus, increasing our knowledge of the molecular mechanism that leads and regulates mast cell activity will enable us to improve our understanding of how anaphylaxis can be prevented or treated.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4935Mast cellstranscription factorsanaphylaxisproinflammatory mediators |
| spellingShingle | Yanru Guo Elizabeth Proaño-Pérez Rosa Muñoz-Cano Margarita Martin Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity International Journal of Molecular Sciences Mast cells transcription factors anaphylaxis proinflammatory mediators |
| title | Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity |
| title_full | Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity |
| title_fullStr | Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity |
| title_short | Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity |
| title_sort | anaphylaxis focus on transcription factor activity |
| topic | Mast cells transcription factors anaphylaxis proinflammatory mediators |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/9/4935 |
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