Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity
Background: Viral hepatitis could have an impact on the treatment response in HIV patients. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections and examine the effect on the treatment response in HIV-1 patients attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers in the Vo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021012755 |
| _version_ | 1818439319571922944 |
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| author | Theophilus Benjamin Kwofie Daniel Adigbli James Osei-Yeboah Emmanuel Ativi Sylvester Yao Lokpo |
| author_facet | Theophilus Benjamin Kwofie Daniel Adigbli James Osei-Yeboah Emmanuel Ativi Sylvester Yao Lokpo |
| author_sort | Theophilus Benjamin Kwofie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Viral hepatitis could have an impact on the treatment response in HIV patients. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections and examine the effect on the treatment response in HIV-1 patients attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana. Method: A longitudinal study design was employed. A cohort of 200 newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive adults who met the inclusion criteria (CD4 count ≤350 cells/μl) were enrolled at three ART Centers and initiated on the combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) from January 2014 to December 2015. Blood samples obtained from each participant were subsequently screened for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody. Out of the 200 study respondents recruited, 93 HIV mono-infected were randomly selected plus all 17 HIV co-infected were prospectively followed for twelve months. Using standard methods, three consecutive measurements of CD4 cells, haemoglobin, and liver enzymes [(aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] as well as weight measurements were performed at baseline, six months and twelve months, respectively, after treatment initiation. Result: The overall HIV-viral hepatitis sero-positivity was 8.5%. HBV and HCV co-infections were 7.0% and 1.5% respectively. Among HIV mono-infected CD4 cell count, haemoglobin, and weight significantly increased from baseline to the twelfth month while levels remained statistically comparable in the HIV co-infected patients. The levels of AST, ALT, and ALP were more pronounced (hepatotoxicity) in the HIV co-infected compared to the HIV mono-infected at various time points within the twelve month. Conclusion: The frequency of HIV-hepatitis co-infection was high. This correlates with poor immunological outcome, clinical response to treatment and pronounced hepatotoxicity. The findings, therefore, underscore the need for regular screening of HIV patients for early detection and appropriate management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:54:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c24ab22f85b4b89941b637f9e4fc97f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:54:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c24ab22f85b4b89941b637f9e4fc97f2022-12-21T22:52:35ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402021-06-0176e07172Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicityTheophilus Benjamin Kwofie0Daniel Adigbli1James Osei-Yeboah2Emmanuel Ativi3Sylvester Yao Lokpo4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaLaboratory Department, Krachi-West District Hospital, Krachi, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Corresponding author.Background: Viral hepatitis could have an impact on the treatment response in HIV patients. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections and examine the effect on the treatment response in HIV-1 patients attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana. Method: A longitudinal study design was employed. A cohort of 200 newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive adults who met the inclusion criteria (CD4 count ≤350 cells/μl) were enrolled at three ART Centers and initiated on the combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) from January 2014 to December 2015. Blood samples obtained from each participant were subsequently screened for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody. Out of the 200 study respondents recruited, 93 HIV mono-infected were randomly selected plus all 17 HIV co-infected were prospectively followed for twelve months. Using standard methods, three consecutive measurements of CD4 cells, haemoglobin, and liver enzymes [(aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] as well as weight measurements were performed at baseline, six months and twelve months, respectively, after treatment initiation. Result: The overall HIV-viral hepatitis sero-positivity was 8.5%. HBV and HCV co-infections were 7.0% and 1.5% respectively. Among HIV mono-infected CD4 cell count, haemoglobin, and weight significantly increased from baseline to the twelfth month while levels remained statistically comparable in the HIV co-infected patients. The levels of AST, ALT, and ALP were more pronounced (hepatotoxicity) in the HIV co-infected compared to the HIV mono-infected at various time points within the twelve month. Conclusion: The frequency of HIV-hepatitis co-infection was high. This correlates with poor immunological outcome, clinical response to treatment and pronounced hepatotoxicity. The findings, therefore, underscore the need for regular screening of HIV patients for early detection and appropriate management.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021012755Human immunodeficiency virusHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusHepatitis co-infection |
| spellingShingle | Theophilus Benjamin Kwofie Daniel Adigbli James Osei-Yeboah Emmanuel Ativi Sylvester Yao Lokpo Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity Heliyon Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis co-infection |
| title | Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity |
| title_full | Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity |
| title_fullStr | Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity |
| title_short | Hepatitis B and C infections in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Ghana: implications for immunologic recovery, clinical response to treatment, and hepatotoxicity |
| title_sort | hepatitis b and c infections in hiv 1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy cart in ghana implications for immunologic recovery clinical response to treatment and hepatotoxicity |
| topic | Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis co-infection |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021012755 |
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