Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel
Potassium ions can cross both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by means of multiple routes. A few potassium-permeable ion channels exist in the outer membrane, while in the inner membrane, a multitude of different potassium-selective and potassium-permeable channels mediate K<sup>+&...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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author | Yevheniia Kravenska Vanessa Checchetto Ildiko Szabo |
author_facet | Yevheniia Kravenska Vanessa Checchetto Ildiko Szabo |
author_sort | Yevheniia Kravenska |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Potassium ions can cross both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by means of multiple routes. A few potassium-permeable ion channels exist in the outer membrane, while in the inner membrane, a multitude of different potassium-selective and potassium-permeable channels mediate K<sup>+</sup> uptake into energized mitochondria. In contrast, potassium is exported from the matrix thanks to an H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> exchanger whose molecular identity is still debated. Among the K<sup>+</sup> channels of the inner mitochondrial membrane, the most widely studied is the ATP-dependent potassium channel, whose pharmacological activation protects cells against ischemic damage and neuronal injury. In this review, we briefly summarize and compare the different hypotheses regarding the molecular identity of this patho-physiologically relevant channel, taking into account the electrophysiological characteristics of the proposed components. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of the other channels sharing localization to both the plasma membrane and mitochondria. |
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language | English |
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spelling | doaj.art-5c302012c81f4c85a091867419d97b922023-11-22T06:55:52ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-08-01118117210.3390/biom11081172Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> ChannelYevheniia Kravenska0Vanessa Checchetto1Ildiko Szabo2Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyPotassium ions can cross both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by means of multiple routes. A few potassium-permeable ion channels exist in the outer membrane, while in the inner membrane, a multitude of different potassium-selective and potassium-permeable channels mediate K<sup>+</sup> uptake into energized mitochondria. In contrast, potassium is exported from the matrix thanks to an H<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> exchanger whose molecular identity is still debated. Among the K<sup>+</sup> channels of the inner mitochondrial membrane, the most widely studied is the ATP-dependent potassium channel, whose pharmacological activation protects cells against ischemic damage and neuronal injury. In this review, we briefly summarize and compare the different hypotheses regarding the molecular identity of this patho-physiologically relevant channel, taking into account the electrophysiological characteristics of the proposed components. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of the other channels sharing localization to both the plasma membrane and mitochondria.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/8/1172mitochondriaion channelselectrophysiologyATP-dependent potassium channel |
spellingShingle | Yevheniia Kravenska Vanessa Checchetto Ildiko Szabo Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel Biomolecules mitochondria ion channels electrophysiology ATP-dependent potassium channel |
title | Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel |
title_full | Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel |
title_fullStr | Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel |
title_full_unstemmed | Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel |
title_short | Routes for Potassium Ions across Mitochondrial Membranes: A Biophysical Point of View with Special Focus on the ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel |
title_sort | routes for potassium ions across mitochondrial membranes a biophysical point of view with special focus on the atp sensitive k sup sup channel |
topic | mitochondria ion channels electrophysiology ATP-dependent potassium channel |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/8/1172 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yevheniiakravenska routesforpotassiumionsacrossmitochondrialmembranesabiophysicalpointofviewwithspecialfocusontheatpsensitiveksupsupchannel AT vanessachecchetto routesforpotassiumionsacrossmitochondrialmembranesabiophysicalpointofviewwithspecialfocusontheatpsensitiveksupsupchannel AT ildikoszabo routesforpotassiumionsacrossmitochondrialmembranesabiophysicalpointofviewwithspecialfocusontheatpsensitiveksupsupchannel |