Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries
Biofilms are ubiquitous at interfaces of natural and technical origin. Depending on type and application, biofilm formation is desired or has to be prevented. Therefore, reliable detection of initial biofilm growth is essential in many areas. One method of biofilm monitoring is the electrochemical i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/12/1/14 |
| _version_ | 1797344418602156032 |
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| author | Chris Gansauge Danny Echtermeyer Dieter Frense |
| author_facet | Chris Gansauge Danny Echtermeyer Dieter Frense |
| author_sort | Chris Gansauge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biofilms are ubiquitous at interfaces of natural and technical origin. Depending on type and application, biofilm formation is desired or has to be prevented. Therefore, reliable detection of initial biofilm growth is essential in many areas. One method of biofilm monitoring is the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Among other factors, this method is heavily dependent on the electrode geometry. In order to achieve a high measurement sensitivity, the electrode size must be chosen according to the biofilm that is to be measured. This paper presents an approach for simulating and modeling the optimal electrode geometry for a specific biofilm. First, a geometric model of a biofilm with up to 6000 individual bacteria is generated. The simulated impedances are used to calculate which electrode geometry maximizes sensitivity depending on the biofilm height. In the chosen example of an <i>E. coli</i> biofilm in a nutrient solution, the optimum size of an interdigital electrode (bar gap equals width) was 2.5 µm for a biofilm height of up to 2 µm. The used algorithms and models can be simply adapted for other biofilms. In this way, the most sensitive electrode geometry for a specific biofilm measurement can be determined with minimal effort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:02:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c4565c031ba4c6285e43f9671cdc819 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:02:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c4565c031ba4c6285e43f9671cdc8192024-01-26T15:46:12ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402024-01-011211410.3390/chemosensors12010014Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode GeometriesChris Gansauge0Danny Echtermeyer1Dieter Frense2Institut für Bioprozess- und Analysenmesstechnik e.V., 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, GermanyInstitut für Bioprozess- und Analysenmesstechnik e.V., 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, GermanyInstitut für Bioprozess- und Analysenmesstechnik e.V., 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, GermanyBiofilms are ubiquitous at interfaces of natural and technical origin. Depending on type and application, biofilm formation is desired or has to be prevented. Therefore, reliable detection of initial biofilm growth is essential in many areas. One method of biofilm monitoring is the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Among other factors, this method is heavily dependent on the electrode geometry. In order to achieve a high measurement sensitivity, the electrode size must be chosen according to the biofilm that is to be measured. This paper presents an approach for simulating and modeling the optimal electrode geometry for a specific biofilm. First, a geometric model of a biofilm with up to 6000 individual bacteria is generated. The simulated impedances are used to calculate which electrode geometry maximizes sensitivity depending on the biofilm height. In the chosen example of an <i>E. coli</i> biofilm in a nutrient solution, the optimum size of an interdigital electrode (bar gap equals width) was 2.5 µm for a biofilm height of up to 2 µm. The used algorithms and models can be simply adapted for other biofilms. In this way, the most sensitive electrode geometry for a specific biofilm measurement can be determined with minimal effort.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/12/1/14electrical impedancesensitivitybiofilm modelinitial biofilm growthFEM simulationinterdigital electrode |
| spellingShingle | Chris Gansauge Danny Echtermeyer Dieter Frense Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries Chemosensors electrical impedance sensitivity biofilm model initial biofilm growth FEM simulation interdigital electrode |
| title | Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries |
| title_full | Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries |
| title_fullStr | Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries |
| title_short | Simulation of Electrical Biofilm Impedance to Determine the Sensitivity of Electrode Geometries |
| title_sort | simulation of electrical biofilm impedance to determine the sensitivity of electrode geometries |
| topic | electrical impedance sensitivity biofilm model initial biofilm growth FEM simulation interdigital electrode |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/12/1/14 |
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