Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes
We report a novel investigation of the effects of sulfur-precursor concentration on the morphological, structural and magnetic properties of vertically aligned mm-long films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled with Fe3C nanowires. Fabrication was carried out by sublimation and pyrolysis of ferrocene/s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Carbon Trends |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667056921000791 |
| _version_ | 1818969392726147072 |
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| author | Omololu Odunmbaku Jiaxin Song Shanling Wang Ayoub Taallah Yixin Dai Wenkang Li Wenxue Li Yi He Jian Guo Hong Zhang Filippo S. Boi |
| author_facet | Omololu Odunmbaku Jiaxin Song Shanling Wang Ayoub Taallah Yixin Dai Wenkang Li Wenxue Li Yi He Jian Guo Hong Zhang Filippo S. Boi |
| author_sort | Omololu Odunmbaku |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report a novel investigation of the effects of sulfur-precursor concentration on the morphological, structural and magnetic properties of vertically aligned mm-long films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled with Fe3C nanowires. Fabrication was carried out by sublimation and pyrolysis of ferrocene/sulfur mixtures in the presence of 0.65 ml of dichlorobenzene within a custom designed chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor, under an Ar flow of 10-100 ml/min. The employed quantity of sulfur was found to have an important impact on the structural properties of the as grown CNTs, yielding either few wall CNTs (FWCNTs) or multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs) in presence of 0.4 mg or 1.2 mg of sulfur (category 1,2). Appearance of RBM (radial breathing modes) bands with variable intensities, was demonstrated in category-1 samples by both point and mapping Raman spectroscopy. Further, an additional broad band indicative of a chlorine/sulfur-induced amorphization of the CNT-walls was detected. Structural manipulation of category-1 and-2 samples was sought through annealing, in an attempt to create carbon-sulfur phases. The latter system has been indeed recently identified as a possible superconductor, under certain conditions of doping. Our findings highlight two different regimes of carbon-sulfur manipulation of the CNT-layers which involve 1) the nucleation of covalent carbon-sulfur phases at T∼150 °C -300 °C, with appearance of Raman bands at 1250 cm−1 and 1450 cm−1 and 2) an enhancement of the CNT-defectiveness (D and D’ bands) at T∼600 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:19:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c4e5d259dcf413bb1b50c6554f4ca78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-0569 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T14:19:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Carbon Trends |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c4e5d259dcf413bb1b50c6554f4ca782022-12-21T19:37:56ZengElsevierCarbon Trends2667-05692021-10-015100102Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubesOmololu Odunmbaku0Jiaxin Song1Shanling Wang2Ayoub Taallah3Yixin Dai4Wenkang Li5Wenxue Li6Yi He7Jian Guo8Hong Zhang9Filippo S. Boi10College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaAnalytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaAnalytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaCollege of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Corresponding authors.College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Corresponding authors.We report a novel investigation of the effects of sulfur-precursor concentration on the morphological, structural and magnetic properties of vertically aligned mm-long films of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled with Fe3C nanowires. Fabrication was carried out by sublimation and pyrolysis of ferrocene/sulfur mixtures in the presence of 0.65 ml of dichlorobenzene within a custom designed chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor, under an Ar flow of 10-100 ml/min. The employed quantity of sulfur was found to have an important impact on the structural properties of the as grown CNTs, yielding either few wall CNTs (FWCNTs) or multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs) in presence of 0.4 mg or 1.2 mg of sulfur (category 1,2). Appearance of RBM (radial breathing modes) bands with variable intensities, was demonstrated in category-1 samples by both point and mapping Raman spectroscopy. Further, an additional broad band indicative of a chlorine/sulfur-induced amorphization of the CNT-walls was detected. Structural manipulation of category-1 and-2 samples was sought through annealing, in an attempt to create carbon-sulfur phases. The latter system has been indeed recently identified as a possible superconductor, under certain conditions of doping. Our findings highlight two different regimes of carbon-sulfur manipulation of the CNT-layers which involve 1) the nucleation of covalent carbon-sulfur phases at T∼150 °C -300 °C, with appearance of Raman bands at 1250 cm−1 and 1450 cm−1 and 2) an enhancement of the CNT-defectiveness (D and D’ bands) at T∼600 °C.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667056921000791Carbon nanotubesSulfurDopingCarbon-sulfurCVDMagnetic-manipulation |
| spellingShingle | Omololu Odunmbaku Jiaxin Song Shanling Wang Ayoub Taallah Yixin Dai Wenkang Li Wenxue Li Yi He Jian Guo Hong Zhang Filippo S. Boi Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes Carbon Trends Carbon nanotubes Sulfur Doping Carbon-sulfur CVD Magnetic-manipulation |
| title | Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| title_full | Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| title_fullStr | Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| title_short | Nucleation of carbon-sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically-aligned mm-long films of iron-filled few-wall/multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| title_sort | nucleation of carbon sulfur phases by manipulation of vertically aligned mm long films of iron filled few wall multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| topic | Carbon nanotubes Sulfur Doping Carbon-sulfur CVD Magnetic-manipulation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667056921000791 |
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