Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
This paper delves into the development of a group of twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivatives incorporating bicarbazole as electron donor and benzophenone as electron acceptor for potential use as blue emitters in OLEDs. The derivatives were synthesized in a reaction of 4,4′-difluorobenzophe...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/2/146 |
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| author | Dovydas Blazevicius Iram Siddiqui Prakalp Gautam Gintare Krucaite Daiva Tavgeniene Mangey Ram Nagar Krishan Kumar Subrata Banik Jwo-Huei Jou Saulius Grigalevicius |
| author_facet | Dovydas Blazevicius Iram Siddiqui Prakalp Gautam Gintare Krucaite Daiva Tavgeniene Mangey Ram Nagar Krishan Kumar Subrata Banik Jwo-Huei Jou Saulius Grigalevicius |
| author_sort | Dovydas Blazevicius |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper delves into the development of a group of twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivatives incorporating bicarbazole as electron donor and benzophenone as electron acceptor for potential use as blue emitters in OLEDs. The derivatives were synthesized in a reaction of 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with various 9-alkyl-9′H-3,3′-bicarbazoles. The materials, namely, <b>DB14</b>, <b>DB23</b>, and <b>DB29</b>, were designed with different alkyl side chains to enhance their solubility and film-forming properties of layers formed using the spin-coating from solution method. The new materials demonstrate high thermal stabilities with decomposition temperatures >383 °C, glass transition temperatures in the range of 95–145 °C, high blue photoluminescence quantum yields (>52%), and short decay times, which range in nanoseconds. Due to their characteristics, the derivatives were used as blue emitters in OLED devices. Some of the OLEDs incorporating the <b>DB23</b> emitter demonstrated a high external quantum efficiency (EQE<sub>max</sub>) of 5.3%, which is very similar to the theoretical limit of the first-generation devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:39:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c576f5823464ad09e65f6d8713d4d00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:39:18Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c576f5823464ad09e65f6d8713d4d002024-01-26T17:58:14ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-01-0114214610.3390/nano14020146Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting DiodesDovydas Blazevicius0Iram Siddiqui1Prakalp Gautam2Gintare Krucaite3Daiva Tavgeniene4Mangey Ram Nagar5Krishan Kumar6Subrata Banik7Jwo-Huei Jou8Saulius Grigalevicius9Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd., East District, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd., East District, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd., East District, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanSchool of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology—Mandi, Kamand 175005, Himachal Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Rd., East District, Hsinchu 30013, TaiwanDepartment of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu Plentas 19, LT50254 Kaunas, LithuaniaThis paper delves into the development of a group of twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivatives incorporating bicarbazole as electron donor and benzophenone as electron acceptor for potential use as blue emitters in OLEDs. The derivatives were synthesized in a reaction of 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with various 9-alkyl-9′H-3,3′-bicarbazoles. The materials, namely, <b>DB14</b>, <b>DB23</b>, and <b>DB29</b>, were designed with different alkyl side chains to enhance their solubility and film-forming properties of layers formed using the spin-coating from solution method. The new materials demonstrate high thermal stabilities with decomposition temperatures >383 °C, glass transition temperatures in the range of 95–145 °C, high blue photoluminescence quantum yields (>52%), and short decay times, which range in nanoseconds. Due to their characteristics, the derivatives were used as blue emitters in OLED devices. Some of the OLEDs incorporating the <b>DB23</b> emitter demonstrated a high external quantum efficiency (EQE<sub>max</sub>) of 5.3%, which is very similar to the theoretical limit of the first-generation devices.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/2/146donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivativesblue organic light-emitting diode (OLED)high efficiencyblue emissionthermal analysis |
| spellingShingle | Dovydas Blazevicius Iram Siddiqui Prakalp Gautam Gintare Krucaite Daiva Tavgeniene Mangey Ram Nagar Krishan Kumar Subrata Banik Jwo-Huei Jou Saulius Grigalevicius Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Nanomaterials donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivatives blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED) high efficiency blue emission thermal analysis |
| title | Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes |
| title_full | Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes |
| title_fullStr | Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes |
| title_short | Bicarbazole-Benzophenone-Based Twisted Donor-Acceptor-Donor Derivatives as Blue Emitters for Highly Efficient Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes |
| title_sort | bicarbazole benzophenone based twisted donor acceptor donor derivatives as blue emitters for highly efficient fluorescent organic light emitting diodes |
| topic | donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) derivatives blue organic light-emitting diode (OLED) high efficiency blue emission thermal analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/2/146 |
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