The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV
The COVID-19 pandemic is a source of mental stress, particularly for special populations. The present study identified the associations between emotional distress and HIV status among adults in 152 countries during the first wave of the pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study that gathered data v...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Hygiene |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-947X/3/1/5 |
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| author | Joanne Lusher Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga Jorma I. Virtanen Passent Ellakany Muhammad Abrar Yousaf Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika Balgis Gaffar Folake Barakat Lawal Zumama Khalid Nourhan M. Aly Annie Lu Nguyen Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan |
| author_facet | Joanne Lusher Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga Jorma I. Virtanen Passent Ellakany Muhammad Abrar Yousaf Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika Balgis Gaffar Folake Barakat Lawal Zumama Khalid Nourhan M. Aly Annie Lu Nguyen Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan |
| author_sort | Joanne Lusher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The COVID-19 pandemic is a source of mental stress, particularly for special populations. The present study identified the associations between emotional distress and HIV status among adults in 152 countries during the first wave of the pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study that gathered data via an online survey carried out between July and December 2020. The dependent variable was emotional distress (frustration/boredom, anxiety, depression, loneliness, anger, or grief/feeling of loss), and the independent variable was HIV status (positive or negative). The confounding factors were sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education level, and employment status). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between the independent and dependent variables after adjusting for confounders. Of the 16,866 participants, 905 (5.4%) reported living with HIV. Of these, 188 (20.8%) felt frustrated/bored, 238 (26.3%) anxious, 160 (17.7%) depressed, 148 (16.4%) lonely, 84 (9.3%) angry, and 53 (5.9%) grief/a sense of loss. Individuals living with HIV had higher odds of feeling anxious (AOR:1.64), depressed (AOR:1.80), and lonely (AOR:1.35) when compared to people living without HIV. This study reveals that the COVID-19 pandemic can exacerbate emotional stress for those living with HIV, and the system in which COVID-19 impacts emotional health among different sociodemographic groups introduces further complexities regarding this observed effect. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:28:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c95997d9a4747528375ea7c4b37dad2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-947X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:28:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hygiene |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c95997d9a4747528375ea7c4b37dad22023-11-17T11:26:09ZengMDPI AGHygiene2673-947X2023-02-0131334410.3390/hygiene3010005The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIVJoanne Lusher0Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga1Jorma I. Virtanen2Passent Ellakany3Muhammad Abrar Yousaf4Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika5Balgis Gaffar6Folake Barakat Lawal7Zumama Khalid8Nourhan M. Aly9Annie Lu Nguyen10Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan11Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaMental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 22005, NigeriaThe COVID-19 pandemic is a source of mental stress, particularly for special populations. The present study identified the associations between emotional distress and HIV status among adults in 152 countries during the first wave of the pandemic. This was a cross-sectional study that gathered data via an online survey carried out between July and December 2020. The dependent variable was emotional distress (frustration/boredom, anxiety, depression, loneliness, anger, or grief/feeling of loss), and the independent variable was HIV status (positive or negative). The confounding factors were sociodemographic variables (age, sex, education level, and employment status). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between the independent and dependent variables after adjusting for confounders. Of the 16,866 participants, 905 (5.4%) reported living with HIV. Of these, 188 (20.8%) felt frustrated/bored, 238 (26.3%) anxious, 160 (17.7%) depressed, 148 (16.4%) lonely, 84 (9.3%) angry, and 53 (5.9%) grief/a sense of loss. Individuals living with HIV had higher odds of feeling anxious (AOR:1.64), depressed (AOR:1.80), and lonely (AOR:1.35) when compared to people living without HIV. This study reveals that the COVID-19 pandemic can exacerbate emotional stress for those living with HIV, and the system in which COVID-19 impacts emotional health among different sociodemographic groups introduces further complexities regarding this observed effect.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-947X/3/1/5COVID-19 pandemicHIVemotiondistressfrustrationboredom |
| spellingShingle | Joanne Lusher Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga Jorma I. Virtanen Passent Ellakany Muhammad Abrar Yousaf Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika Balgis Gaffar Folake Barakat Lawal Zumama Khalid Nourhan M. Aly Annie Lu Nguyen Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV Hygiene COVID-19 pandemic HIV emotion distress frustration boredom |
| title | The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV |
| title_full | The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV |
| title_short | The Impact of COVID-19 on the Emotion of People Living with and without HIV |
| title_sort | impact of covid 19 on the emotion of people living with and without hiv |
| topic | COVID-19 pandemic HIV emotion distress frustration boredom |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-947X/3/1/5 |
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