Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids
Maize is one of the most important field crops considering its utilization as food, feed, fodder, and biofuel. However, the sustainability of its production is under serious threat of heat and drought stresses, as these stresses could hamper crop growth, causing a significant loss to kernel yield. T...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898823/full |
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| author | Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Waheed Riaz Yurong Jiang Muhammad Yasir Muhammad Zahid Aslam Sabir Hussain Syed Awais Sajid Shah Aamar Shehzad Gulfam Riasat Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Imran Akhtar |
| author_facet | Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Waheed Riaz Yurong Jiang Muhammad Yasir Muhammad Zahid Aslam Sabir Hussain Syed Awais Sajid Shah Aamar Shehzad Gulfam Riasat Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Imran Akhtar |
| author_sort | Muhammad Irfan Yousaf |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maize is one of the most important field crops considering its utilization as food, feed, fodder, and biofuel. However, the sustainability of its production is under serious threat of heat and drought stresses, as these stresses could hamper crop growth, causing a significant loss to kernel yield. The research study was carried out at Maize and Millets Research Institute, Yusafwala-Sahiwal for two consecutive spring seasons (2019–20 and 2020–21) under a split-split plot design. The current study explained the individual and combined effects of drought and heat stresses on morphology, phenology, physiology, reactive oxygen species (stocktickerROS), antioxidant status, and kernel quality traits in four indigenous (YH-5482, YH-5427, YH-5404, and YH-1898) and one multinational maize hybrid (P-1543). Stress treatments, i.e., drought, heat, and drought+heat, were applied ten days before tasseling and lasted for 21 days. The results revealed the incidence of oxidative stress due to overproduction of Hydrogen peroxide; H2O2 (control: 1.9, heat+drought: 5.8), and Malondialdehyde; stocktickerMDA (control: 116.5, heat+drought: 193), leading to reduced photosynthetic ability (control: 31.8, heat:16.5), alterations in plant morphology, decrease in kernel yield (control: 10865 kg ha–1, heat+drought: 5564 kg ha–1), and quality-related traits. Although all the stress treatments induced the accumulation of stress-responsive osmolytes and enzymatic antioxidants to cope with the negative impact of osmotic stress, the effect of combined drought + heat stress was much higher. The overall performance of indigenous maize hybrid YH-5427 was much more promising than the other hybrids, attributed to its better tolerance of drought and heat stresses. Such stress tolerance was attributed to maintaining photosynthetic activity, a potent antioxidant and osmolyte-based defense mechanisms, and minimum reductions in yield-related traits, which assured the maximum kernel yield under all stress treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:44:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c97530ba33140b29f83bd51c0af47ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:44:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c97530ba33140b29f83bd51c0af47ae2022-12-22T02:11:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-05-011310.3389/fpls.2022.898823898823Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) HybridsMuhammad Irfan Yousaf0Muhammad Irfan Yousaf1Muhammad Waheed Riaz2Muhammad Waheed Riaz3Yurong Jiang4Muhammad Yasir5Muhammad Zahid Aslam6Sabir Hussain7Syed Awais Sajid Shah8Aamar Shehzad9Gulfam Riasat10Muhammad Aamir Manzoor11Imran Akhtar12Cotton Research Station (CRS), Bahawalpur, PakistanMaize and Millets Research Institute (MMRI), Sahiwal, PakistanState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, ChinaCotton Research Station (CRS), Bahawalpur, PakistanCotton Research Station (CRS), Bahawalpur, PakistanCotton Research Station (CRS), Bahawalpur, PakistanMaize Research Station, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, PakistanMaize Research Station, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, PakistanSchool of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, ChinaRegional Agricultural Research Institute, Bahawalpur, PakistanMaize is one of the most important field crops considering its utilization as food, feed, fodder, and biofuel. However, the sustainability of its production is under serious threat of heat and drought stresses, as these stresses could hamper crop growth, causing a significant loss to kernel yield. The research study was carried out at Maize and Millets Research Institute, Yusafwala-Sahiwal for two consecutive spring seasons (2019–20 and 2020–21) under a split-split plot design. The current study explained the individual and combined effects of drought and heat stresses on morphology, phenology, physiology, reactive oxygen species (stocktickerROS), antioxidant status, and kernel quality traits in four indigenous (YH-5482, YH-5427, YH-5404, and YH-1898) and one multinational maize hybrid (P-1543). Stress treatments, i.e., drought, heat, and drought+heat, were applied ten days before tasseling and lasted for 21 days. The results revealed the incidence of oxidative stress due to overproduction of Hydrogen peroxide; H2O2 (control: 1.9, heat+drought: 5.8), and Malondialdehyde; stocktickerMDA (control: 116.5, heat+drought: 193), leading to reduced photosynthetic ability (control: 31.8, heat:16.5), alterations in plant morphology, decrease in kernel yield (control: 10865 kg ha–1, heat+drought: 5564 kg ha–1), and quality-related traits. Although all the stress treatments induced the accumulation of stress-responsive osmolytes and enzymatic antioxidants to cope with the negative impact of osmotic stress, the effect of combined drought + heat stress was much higher. The overall performance of indigenous maize hybrid YH-5427 was much more promising than the other hybrids, attributed to its better tolerance of drought and heat stresses. Such stress tolerance was attributed to maintaining photosynthetic activity, a potent antioxidant and osmolyte-based defense mechanisms, and minimum reductions in yield-related traits, which assured the maximum kernel yield under all stress treatments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898823/fullheat stresskernel qualitywater-deficientantioxidant activitymaizemaize hybrids |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Irfan Yousaf Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Waheed Riaz Yurong Jiang Muhammad Yasir Muhammad Zahid Aslam Sabir Hussain Syed Awais Sajid Shah Aamar Shehzad Gulfam Riasat Muhammad Aamir Manzoor Imran Akhtar Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Frontiers in Plant Science heat stress kernel quality water-deficient antioxidant activity maize maize hybrids |
| title | Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids |
| title_full | Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids |
| title_fullStr | Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids |
| title_short | Concurrent Effects of Drought and Heat Stresses on Physio-Chemical Attributes, Antioxidant Status and Kernel Quality Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids |
| title_sort | concurrent effects of drought and heat stresses on physio chemical attributes antioxidant status and kernel quality traits in maize zea mays l hybrids |
| topic | heat stress kernel quality water-deficient antioxidant activity maize maize hybrids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.898823/full |
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