Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique
EGCG is a catechin known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin found in animal-derived products, and its deficiency may cause serious health problems such as anemia. The effectiveness of both catechin and vitamin B12 depends on their stability...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2544 |
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| author | Ana F. Couto Maéna Favretto Raphael Paquis Berta N. Estevinho |
| author_facet | Ana F. Couto Maéna Favretto Raphael Paquis Berta N. Estevinho |
| author_sort | Ana F. Couto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | EGCG is a catechin known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin found in animal-derived products, and its deficiency may cause serious health problems such as anemia. The effectiveness of both catechin and vitamin B12 depends on their stability and bioavailability, which can be lost during industrial processes due to degradation when exposed to external factors. A potential solution to this issue is the microencapsulation, which protects the compounds from external agents. The current study aims to microencapsulate EGCG and vitamin B12 in a polymer matrix of biological origin, zein. Microencapsulation was performed using an electrospinning technique, and different concentrations of zein (1–30% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) and active compound (0.5–5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) were tested, resulting in the production of micro/nanoparticles, fibers, or the mixture of both. The microstructures were analyzed and characterized in terms of morphology, release profile and kinetics, and encapsulation efficiency. High encapsulation efficiencies were obtained, and the highest were found in the samples with 1% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> of active substance and 30% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> of zein. Controlled release studies were conducted in deionized water and in an ethanolic solution, and five kinetic models were applied to the release profiles. The results indicated that the Weibull model was the best fit for the majority of results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:07:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5c9eef04328b46279e96bf7dfa3aeb1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:07:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-5c9eef04328b46279e96bf7dfa3aeb1d2023-11-17T12:51:49ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-03-01286254410.3390/molecules28062544Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying TechniqueAna F. Couto0Maéna Favretto1Raphael Paquis2Berta N. Estevinho3LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineer, Faculty of Engineer, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalENSCM—Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 Rue de l’Ecole Normale, CEDEX 5, 34296 Montpellier, FranceENSCM—Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 Rue de l’Ecole Normale, CEDEX 5, 34296 Montpellier, FranceLEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineer, Faculty of Engineer, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalEGCG is a catechin known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin found in animal-derived products, and its deficiency may cause serious health problems such as anemia. The effectiveness of both catechin and vitamin B12 depends on their stability and bioavailability, which can be lost during industrial processes due to degradation when exposed to external factors. A potential solution to this issue is the microencapsulation, which protects the compounds from external agents. The current study aims to microencapsulate EGCG and vitamin B12 in a polymer matrix of biological origin, zein. Microencapsulation was performed using an electrospinning technique, and different concentrations of zein (1–30% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) and active compound (0.5–5% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) were tested, resulting in the production of micro/nanoparticles, fibers, or the mixture of both. The microstructures were analyzed and characterized in terms of morphology, release profile and kinetics, and encapsulation efficiency. High encapsulation efficiencies were obtained, and the highest were found in the samples with 1% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i> of active substance and 30% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i> of zein. Controlled release studies were conducted in deionized water and in an ethanolic solution, and five kinetic models were applied to the release profiles. The results indicated that the Weibull model was the best fit for the majority of results.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2544EGCGelectrospinningmicroencapsulationvitamin B12zein |
| spellingShingle | Ana F. Couto Maéna Favretto Raphael Paquis Berta N. Estevinho Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique Molecules EGCG electrospinning microencapsulation vitamin B12 zein |
| title | Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique |
| title_full | Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique |
| title_fullStr | Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique |
| title_short | Co-Encapsulation of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate and Vitamin B12 in Zein Microstructures by Electrospinning/Electrospraying Technique |
| title_sort | co encapsulation of epigallocatechin 3 gallate and vitamin b12 in zein microstructures by electrospinning electrospraying technique |
| topic | EGCG electrospinning microencapsulation vitamin B12 zein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2544 |
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