Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants
Abstract Background Zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are nutrients that are crucial for plant growth; however, when they are present at higher concentrations, they can cause toxicity in plants. The present study aimed to isolate plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria from Viburnum grandiflorum and asse...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04812-3 |
| _version_ | 1797275280554852352 |
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| author | Asim Shahzad Uzma Aslam Shazia Ferdous Mingzhou Qin Anam Siddique Motsim Billah Muhammad Naeem Zahid Mahmood Sadaf Kayani |
| author_facet | Asim Shahzad Uzma Aslam Shazia Ferdous Mingzhou Qin Anam Siddique Motsim Billah Muhammad Naeem Zahid Mahmood Sadaf Kayani |
| author_sort | Asim Shahzad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are nutrients that are crucial for plant growth; however, when they are present at higher concentrations, they can cause toxicity in plants. The present study aimed to isolate plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria from Viburnum grandiflorum and assess its plant and defense promoting potential alone and in combination with RP in zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) toxic soil. The isolated endophytic bacteria were identified using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. For the experiment, twelve different treatments were applied using Zn, Ni, isolated endophytic Bacillus mycoides (Accession # MW979613), and rock phosphate (RP). The Ni, Zn and RP were used at the rate of (100 mg/kg) and (0.2 g/kg) respectively. A pot experiment with three replicates of each treatment was conducted using a complete randomized design (CRD). Results The results indicated that Ni (T5 = seed + 100 mg/kg Ni and T9 = seed + 100 mg/kg Zn) and Zn concentrations inhibited plant growth, but the intensity of growth inhibition was higher in Ni-contaminated soil. Bacillus mycoides and RP at 100 mg/Kg Zn (T12 = inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/kg.) increased the shoot length, leaf width, protein and sugar content by 57%, 13%, 20% and 34%, respectively, compared to the control. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidase (POD) were decreased in contaminated soil. Furthermore, Ni and Zn accumulation was inhibited in T11 (seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) and T12 (inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) by 62 and 63% respectively. The Cu, Ca, and K, contents increased by 128, 219 and 85, Mn, Na, and K by 326, 449, and 84% in (T3 = inoculated seed) and (T4 = inoculated seed + RP 0.2 g/Kg) respectively. Conclusions Ni was more toxic to plants than Zn, but endophytic bacteria isolated from Viburnum grandiflorum, helped wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants and reduced the toxic effects of Ni and Zn. The effect of Bacillus mycoides was more prominent in combination with RP which promoted and suppressed heavy-metal toxicity. The reported combination of Bacillus mycoides and RP may be useful for improving plant growth and overcoming metal stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:11:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cacd3d6429f436c9aea6e68bcafd6b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:11:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cacd3d6429f436c9aea6e68bcafd6b32024-03-05T18:37:51ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292024-02-0124111610.1186/s12870-024-04812-3Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plantsAsim Shahzad0Uzma Aslam1Shazia Ferdous2Mingzhou Qin3Anam Siddique4Motsim Billah5Muhammad Naeem6Zahid Mahmood7Sadaf Kayani8The College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Henan UniversityDepartment of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic UniversityDepartment of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic UniversityThe College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Henan UniversityDepartment of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic UniversityDirectorate of ORIC, Rawalpindi Women UniversityDepartment of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityCrop Sciences institute, National Agricultural Research CentreDepartment of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic UniversityAbstract Background Zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are nutrients that are crucial for plant growth; however, when they are present at higher concentrations, they can cause toxicity in plants. The present study aimed to isolate plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria from Viburnum grandiflorum and assess its plant and defense promoting potential alone and in combination with RP in zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) toxic soil. The isolated endophytic bacteria were identified using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. For the experiment, twelve different treatments were applied using Zn, Ni, isolated endophytic Bacillus mycoides (Accession # MW979613), and rock phosphate (RP). The Ni, Zn and RP were used at the rate of (100 mg/kg) and (0.2 g/kg) respectively. A pot experiment with three replicates of each treatment was conducted using a complete randomized design (CRD). Results The results indicated that Ni (T5 = seed + 100 mg/kg Ni and T9 = seed + 100 mg/kg Zn) and Zn concentrations inhibited plant growth, but the intensity of growth inhibition was higher in Ni-contaminated soil. Bacillus mycoides and RP at 100 mg/Kg Zn (T12 = inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/kg.) increased the shoot length, leaf width, protein and sugar content by 57%, 13%, 20% and 34%, respectively, compared to the control. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidase (POD) were decreased in contaminated soil. Furthermore, Ni and Zn accumulation was inhibited in T11 (seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) and T12 (inoculated seed + 100 mg/kg Zn + RP0.2 g/Kg) by 62 and 63% respectively. The Cu, Ca, and K, contents increased by 128, 219 and 85, Mn, Na, and K by 326, 449, and 84% in (T3 = inoculated seed) and (T4 = inoculated seed + RP 0.2 g/Kg) respectively. Conclusions Ni was more toxic to plants than Zn, but endophytic bacteria isolated from Viburnum grandiflorum, helped wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants and reduced the toxic effects of Ni and Zn. The effect of Bacillus mycoides was more prominent in combination with RP which promoted and suppressed heavy-metal toxicity. The reported combination of Bacillus mycoides and RP may be useful for improving plant growth and overcoming metal stress.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04812-3Heavy metalsToxicitySuperoxide dismutasePeroxidaseBacillus mycoides, RP |
| spellingShingle | Asim Shahzad Uzma Aslam Shazia Ferdous Mingzhou Qin Anam Siddique Motsim Billah Muhammad Naeem Zahid Mahmood Sadaf Kayani Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants BMC Plant Biology Heavy metals Toxicity Superoxide dismutase Peroxidase Bacillus mycoides, RP |
| title | Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| title_full | Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| title_fullStr | Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| title_short | Combined effect of endophytic Bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| title_sort | combined effect of endophytic bacillus mycoides and rock phosphate on the amelioration of heavy metal stress in wheat plants |
| topic | Heavy metals Toxicity Superoxide dismutase Peroxidase Bacillus mycoides, RP |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04812-3 |
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