Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil
This study aims to identify the relationship between changes in temperature regarding urbanization processes and seasonality in the city of São Paulo, located in the Tropic of Capricorn. The land surface temperature (LST) results were compared to official weather stations measurements, identifying i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/491 |
| _version_ | 1797472829270130688 |
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| author | Augusto Cezar Lima do Nascimento Emerson Galvani João Paulo Assis Gobo Cássio Arthur Wollmann |
| author_facet | Augusto Cezar Lima do Nascimento Emerson Galvani João Paulo Assis Gobo Cássio Arthur Wollmann |
| author_sort | Augusto Cezar Lima do Nascimento |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aims to identify the relationship between changes in temperature regarding urbanization processes and seasonality in the city of São Paulo, located in the Tropic of Capricorn. The land surface temperature (LST) results were compared to official weather stations measurements, identifying in the spring–summer period 65.5% to 86.2% accuracy, while in the autumn–winter period, the results ranged from 58.6% to 93.1% accuracy, when considering the standard deviation and the temperature probe error. The mean MAE and mean RMSE range from 1.2 to 1.9 °C, with 83.0% of the values being ≤2.7 °C, and the coefficient of determination values are R = 0.81 in spring–summer and R = 0.82 in autumn–winter. Great thermal amplitude was estimated in the spring–summer season, with a difference in LST of the built-up space and rural area ranging from 5.8 and 11.5 °C, while in the autumn–winter season, the LST is more distributed through the city, with differences ranging from 4.4 to 8.5 °C. In addition, the current study suggests remote sensing as a reliable, cheap, and practical methodology to assist climate in order to support public policies and decision-making actions regarding environmental and urban planning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cafb3536ba24854a3188376a3b444b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cafb3536ba24854a3188376a3b444b12023-11-24T00:27:46ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-03-0113349110.3390/atmos13030491Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, BrazilAugusto Cezar Lima do Nascimento0Emerson Galvani1João Paulo Assis Gobo2Cássio Arthur Wollmann3Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Geography, University of São Paulo (USP), Professor Lineu Prestes Ave., Number 338, São Paulo 05508-900, BrazilDepartment of Geography, Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR), Surubim Str., 4714-Lagoa, Porto Velho 76812-020, BrazilDepartment of Geography, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima Ave., Number 1000, Building 17, Room 1018, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, BrazilThis study aims to identify the relationship between changes in temperature regarding urbanization processes and seasonality in the city of São Paulo, located in the Tropic of Capricorn. The land surface temperature (LST) results were compared to official weather stations measurements, identifying in the spring–summer period 65.5% to 86.2% accuracy, while in the autumn–winter period, the results ranged from 58.6% to 93.1% accuracy, when considering the standard deviation and the temperature probe error. The mean MAE and mean RMSE range from 1.2 to 1.9 °C, with 83.0% of the values being ≤2.7 °C, and the coefficient of determination values are R = 0.81 in spring–summer and R = 0.82 in autumn–winter. Great thermal amplitude was estimated in the spring–summer season, with a difference in LST of the built-up space and rural area ranging from 5.8 and 11.5 °C, while in the autumn–winter season, the LST is more distributed through the city, with differences ranging from 4.4 to 8.5 °C. In addition, the current study suggests remote sensing as a reliable, cheap, and practical methodology to assist climate in order to support public policies and decision-making actions regarding environmental and urban planning.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/491urban heat islandremote sensingland use/land coverland surface temperatureSão Paulo |
| spellingShingle | Augusto Cezar Lima do Nascimento Emerson Galvani João Paulo Assis Gobo Cássio Arthur Wollmann Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil Atmosphere urban heat island remote sensing land use/land cover land surface temperature São Paulo |
| title | Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil |
| title_full | Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil |
| title_short | Comparison between Air Temperature and Land Surface Temperature for the City of São Paulo, Brazil |
| title_sort | comparison between air temperature and land surface temperature for the city of sao paulo brazil |
| topic | urban heat island remote sensing land use/land cover land surface temperature São Paulo |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/491 |
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