Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia
The present study aimed to assess the health risks of chemical contaminants of residents in the coastal areas of Cambodia through their drinking water pathways. Water was sampled from tube wells (n = 22), dug wells (n = 31), ponds (n = 11), canals (n = 12) and lakes (n = 4) across the Cambodian coas...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water and Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/21/2/224 |
| _version_ | 1797850640948396032 |
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| author | Vibol Sao Chan Oeurn Chey Tharith Sriv Noreaksatya The Samnang Phin Sophanith Hoeng Kongkea Phan |
| author_facet | Vibol Sao Chan Oeurn Chey Tharith Sriv Noreaksatya The Samnang Phin Sophanith Hoeng Kongkea Phan |
| author_sort | Vibol Sao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study aimed to assess the health risks of chemical contaminants of residents in the coastal areas of Cambodia through their drinking water pathways. Water was sampled from tube wells (n = 22), dug wells (n = 31), ponds (n = 11), canals (n = 12) and lakes (n = 4) across the Cambodian coastal areas, and measured for the contaminants of health concern (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, F−, NO2-, NO3-, Pb, Escherichia coli and total coliform) and aesthetic quality following the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and standard methods. Analytical results reveal that 9.1% of tube wells and 9.7% of dug wells contained As > 0.01 mg/L. Appropriately, 22.7% of tube wells and 32.3% of dug wells contained Fe > 0.3 mg/L while 100% of tube wells and 80.6% of dug wells contained Mn > 0.1 mg/L. Health risk assessment found that the hazard quotient (HQ) > 1 for children and women. Additionally, the lifetime cancer risk (LCR) was found >1 × 10−4 for As in Cambodian coastal areas. Therefore, a monitoring programme and appropriate treatment to remove contaminants like arsenic, cadmium and fluoride would be required to ensure a safe drinking water supply to Cambodian coastal residents.
HIGHLIGHTS
Both total coliform and E. coli were found in the tube well, dug well, ponds, canals and lakes while the Cambodian Drinking Water Quality Standard for total coliform and E. coli is not detectable per 100 mL.;
Health risk assessment revealed that for children and women residing in the coastal areas of Cambodia had HQ > 1.;
Men, women and children residing in the coastal areas of Cambodia are exposed to carcinogenic risk of As through drinking water pathways.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:04:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cb372236b1b4216adefd30477a2ed77 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-8920 1996-7829 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:04:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water and Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cb372236b1b4216adefd30477a2ed772023-04-07T14:02:29ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water and Health1477-89201996-78292023-02-0121222423410.2166/wh.2023.215215Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of CambodiaVibol Sao0Chan Oeurn Chey1Tharith Sriv2Noreaksatya The3Samnang Phin4Sophanith Hoeng5Kongkea Phan6 Graduate School of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Federation of Russia Blvd, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Graduate School of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Federation of Russia Blvd, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Graduate School of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Federation of Russia Blvd, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Faculty of Science and Technology, International University, Phnom Penh 120801, Cambodia Faculty of Science and Technology, International University, Phnom Penh 120801, Cambodia Faculty of Science and Technology, International University, Phnom Penh 120801, Cambodia Faculty of Science and Technology, International University, Phnom Penh 120801, Cambodia The present study aimed to assess the health risks of chemical contaminants of residents in the coastal areas of Cambodia through their drinking water pathways. Water was sampled from tube wells (n = 22), dug wells (n = 31), ponds (n = 11), canals (n = 12) and lakes (n = 4) across the Cambodian coastal areas, and measured for the contaminants of health concern (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, F−, NO2-, NO3-, Pb, Escherichia coli and total coliform) and aesthetic quality following the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and standard methods. Analytical results reveal that 9.1% of tube wells and 9.7% of dug wells contained As > 0.01 mg/L. Appropriately, 22.7% of tube wells and 32.3% of dug wells contained Fe > 0.3 mg/L while 100% of tube wells and 80.6% of dug wells contained Mn > 0.1 mg/L. Health risk assessment found that the hazard quotient (HQ) > 1 for children and women. Additionally, the lifetime cancer risk (LCR) was found >1 × 10−4 for As in Cambodian coastal areas. Therefore, a monitoring programme and appropriate treatment to remove contaminants like arsenic, cadmium and fluoride would be required to ensure a safe drinking water supply to Cambodian coastal residents. HIGHLIGHTS Both total coliform and E. coli were found in the tube well, dug well, ponds, canals and lakes while the Cambodian Drinking Water Quality Standard for total coliform and E. coli is not detectable per 100 mL.; Health risk assessment revealed that for children and women residing in the coastal areas of Cambodia had HQ > 1.; Men, women and children residing in the coastal areas of Cambodia are exposed to carcinogenic risk of As through drinking water pathways.;http://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/21/2/224cambodiacoastal areacontaminants of health concerndrinking waterfaecal pollutionheavy metalsrisk assessment |
| spellingShingle | Vibol Sao Chan Oeurn Chey Tharith Sriv Noreaksatya The Samnang Phin Sophanith Hoeng Kongkea Phan Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia Journal of Water and Health cambodia coastal area contaminants of health concern drinking water faecal pollution heavy metals risk assessment |
| title | Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia |
| title_full | Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia |
| title_fullStr | Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia |
| title_short | Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia |
| title_sort | assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of cambodia |
| topic | cambodia coastal area contaminants of health concern drinking water faecal pollution heavy metals risk assessment |
| url | http://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/21/2/224 |
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