SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires
Glutathione and malondialdehyde are two compounds commonly used to evaluate the oxidative stress status of an organism. Although their determination is usually performed in blood serum, saliva is gaining ground as the biological fluid of choice for oxidative stress determination at the point of need...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/273 |
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| author | Anastasia Kanioura Georgia Geka Ioannis Kochylas Vlassis Likodimos Spiros Gardelis Anastasios Dimitriou Nikolaos Papanikolaou Sotirios Kakabakos Panagiota Petrou |
| author_facet | Anastasia Kanioura Georgia Geka Ioannis Kochylas Vlassis Likodimos Spiros Gardelis Anastasios Dimitriou Nikolaos Papanikolaou Sotirios Kakabakos Panagiota Petrou |
| author_sort | Anastasia Kanioura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glutathione and malondialdehyde are two compounds commonly used to evaluate the oxidative stress status of an organism. Although their determination is usually performed in blood serum, saliva is gaining ground as the biological fluid of choice for oxidative stress determination at the point of need. For this purpose, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is a highly sensitive method for the detection of biomolecules, could offer additional advantages regarding the analysis of biological fluids at the point of need. In this work, silicon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles made by metal-assisted chemical etching were evaluated as substrates for the SERS determination of glutathione and malondialdehyde in water and saliva. In particular, glutathione was determined by monitoring the reduction in the Raman signal obtained from substrates modified with crystal violet upon incubation with aqueous glutathione solutions. On the other hand, malondialdehyde was detected after a reaction with thiobarbituric acid to produce a derivative with a strong Raman signal. The detection limits achieved after optimization of several assay parameters were 50 and 3.2 nM for aqueous solutions of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. In artificial saliva, however, the detection limits were 2.0 and 0.32 μM for glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively, which are, nonetheless, adequate for the determination of these two markers in saliva. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:04:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cc91eccb2854645a97e8b6cba0599ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:04:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cc91eccb2854645a97e8b6cba0599ef2023-11-16T19:26:34ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-02-0113227310.3390/bios13020273SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon NanowiresAnastasia Kanioura0Georgia Geka1Ioannis Kochylas2Vlassis Likodimos3Spiros Gardelis4Anastasios Dimitriou5Nikolaos Papanikolaou6Sotirios Kakabakos7Panagiota Petrou8Immunoassays/Immunosensors Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceImmunoassays/Immunosensors Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceSection of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, GreeceSection of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, GreeceSection of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceImmunoassays/Immunosensors Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceImmunoassays/Immunosensors Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceGlutathione and malondialdehyde are two compounds commonly used to evaluate the oxidative stress status of an organism. Although their determination is usually performed in blood serum, saliva is gaining ground as the biological fluid of choice for oxidative stress determination at the point of need. For this purpose, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is a highly sensitive method for the detection of biomolecules, could offer additional advantages regarding the analysis of biological fluids at the point of need. In this work, silicon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles made by metal-assisted chemical etching were evaluated as substrates for the SERS determination of glutathione and malondialdehyde in water and saliva. In particular, glutathione was determined by monitoring the reduction in the Raman signal obtained from substrates modified with crystal violet upon incubation with aqueous glutathione solutions. On the other hand, malondialdehyde was detected after a reaction with thiobarbituric acid to produce a derivative with a strong Raman signal. The detection limits achieved after optimization of several assay parameters were 50 and 3.2 nM for aqueous solutions of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. In artificial saliva, however, the detection limits were 2.0 and 0.32 μM for glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively, which are, nonetheless, adequate for the determination of these two markers in saliva.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/273surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopyoxidative stressglutathionecrystal violetmalondialdehydethiobarbituric acid |
| spellingShingle | Anastasia Kanioura Georgia Geka Ioannis Kochylas Vlassis Likodimos Spiros Gardelis Anastasios Dimitriou Nikolaos Papanikolaou Sotirios Kakabakos Panagiota Petrou SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires Biosensors surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy oxidative stress glutathione crystal violet malondialdehyde thiobarbituric acid |
| title | SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires |
| title_full | SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires |
| title_fullStr | SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires |
| title_full_unstemmed | SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires |
| title_short | SERS Determination of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva Using Substrates with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Silicon Nanowires |
| title_sort | sers determination of oxidative stress markers in saliva using substrates with silver nanoparticle decorated silicon nanowires |
| topic | surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy oxidative stress glutathione crystal violet malondialdehyde thiobarbituric acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/273 |
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