Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health
Salmonellosis remains one of the most frequent foodborne zoonosis, constituting a worldwide major public health concern. The most frequent sources of human infections are food products of animal origin, being pork meat one of the most relevant. Currently, particular pig food production well-adapted...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/1/19 |
| _version_ | 1798040867151282176 |
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| author | Joana Campos Joana Mourão Luísa Peixe Patrícia Antunes |
| author_facet | Joana Campos Joana Mourão Luísa Peixe Patrícia Antunes |
| author_sort | Joana Campos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salmonellosis remains one of the most frequent foodborne zoonosis, constituting a worldwide major public health concern. The most frequent sources of human infections are food products of animal origin, being pork meat one of the most relevant. Currently, particular pig food production well-adapted and persistent <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serotypes (e.g., <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, <i>Salmonella</i> 1,4,[5],12:i:-, <i>Salmonella</i> Derby and <i>Salmonella</i> Rissen) are frequently reported associated with human infections in diverse industrialized countries. The dissemination of those clinically-relevant <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes/clones has been related to the intensification of pig production chain and to an increase in the international trade of pigs and pork meat. Those changes that occurred over the years along the food chain may act as food chain drivers leading to new problems and challenges, compromising the successful control of <i>Salmonella</i>. Among those, the emergence of antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> associated with antimicrobials use in the pig production chain is of special concern for public health. The transmission of pig-related multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes, clones and/or genetic elements carrying clinically-relevant antibiotic resistance genes, frequently associated with metal tolerance genes, from pigs and pork meat to humans, has been reported and highlights the contribution of different drivers to the antibiotic resistance burden. Gathered data strengthen the need for global mandatory interventions and strategies for effective <i>Salmonella</i> control and surveillance across the pig production chain. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the role of pig and pork meat in human salmonellosis at a global scale, highlighting the main factors contributing to the persistence and dissemination of clinically-relevant pig-related <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes and clones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:13:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cce6ef2caee428fb268ea1e4d60191e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:13:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cce6ef2caee428fb268ea1e4d60191e2022-12-22T04:00:30ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172019-01-01811910.3390/pathogens8010019pathogens8010019Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human HealthJoana Campos0Joana Mourão1Luísa Peixe2Patrícia Antunes3UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalUCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalSalmonellosis remains one of the most frequent foodborne zoonosis, constituting a worldwide major public health concern. The most frequent sources of human infections are food products of animal origin, being pork meat one of the most relevant. Currently, particular pig food production well-adapted and persistent <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serotypes (e.g., <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, <i>Salmonella</i> 1,4,[5],12:i:-, <i>Salmonella</i> Derby and <i>Salmonella</i> Rissen) are frequently reported associated with human infections in diverse industrialized countries. The dissemination of those clinically-relevant <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes/clones has been related to the intensification of pig production chain and to an increase in the international trade of pigs and pork meat. Those changes that occurred over the years along the food chain may act as food chain drivers leading to new problems and challenges, compromising the successful control of <i>Salmonella</i>. Among those, the emergence of antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> associated with antimicrobials use in the pig production chain is of special concern for public health. The transmission of pig-related multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes, clones and/or genetic elements carrying clinically-relevant antibiotic resistance genes, frequently associated with metal tolerance genes, from pigs and pork meat to humans, has been reported and highlights the contribution of different drivers to the antibiotic resistance burden. Gathered data strengthen the need for global mandatory interventions and strategies for effective <i>Salmonella</i> control and surveillance across the pig production chain. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the role of pig and pork meat in human salmonellosis at a global scale, highlighting the main factors contributing to the persistence and dissemination of clinically-relevant pig-related <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes and clones.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/1/19<i>Salmonella</i>pig productionpork meatfoodborne transmissionantimicrobial resistanceclones<i>S.</i> Typhimurium<i>S.</i> <u>1</u>,4,[5],12:i:-<i>S.</i> Derby<i>S.</i> Rissen |
| spellingShingle | Joana Campos Joana Mourão Luísa Peixe Patrícia Antunes Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health Pathogens <i>Salmonella</i> pig production pork meat foodborne transmission antimicrobial resistance clones <i>S.</i> Typhimurium <i>S.</i> <u>1</u>,4,[5],12:i:- <i>S.</i> Derby <i>S.</i> Rissen |
| title | Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health |
| title_full | Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health |
| title_fullStr | Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health |
| title_short | Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in the Pig Production Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of Its Impact on Human Health |
| title_sort | non typhoidal i salmonella i in the pig production chain a comprehensive analysis of its impact on human health |
| topic | <i>Salmonella</i> pig production pork meat foodborne transmission antimicrobial resistance clones <i>S.</i> Typhimurium <i>S.</i> <u>1</u>,4,[5],12:i:- <i>S.</i> Derby <i>S.</i> Rissen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/1/19 |
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