Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers
Abstract Textile grade polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as a precursor material for carbon fiber preparation. E-beam irradiated polyacrylonitrile grafted carbon nanofibers were dispersed in polyacrylonitrile solution (dissolved in dimethyl formamide). Carbon nanofibers (CNF) infused polyacrylonitril...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Discover Nano |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03944-z |
| _version_ | 1797376836059004928 |
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| author | Nitilaksha Hiremath Sunay Bhat Ramiz Boy Maria Cecilia Evora Amit K. Naskar Jimmy Mays Gajanan Bhat |
| author_facet | Nitilaksha Hiremath Sunay Bhat Ramiz Boy Maria Cecilia Evora Amit K. Naskar Jimmy Mays Gajanan Bhat |
| author_sort | Nitilaksha Hiremath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Textile grade polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as a precursor material for carbon fiber preparation. E-beam irradiated polyacrylonitrile grafted carbon nanofibers were dispersed in polyacrylonitrile solution (dissolved in dimethyl formamide). Carbon nanofibers (CNF) infused polyacrylonitrile solution was wet spun on a lab-scale wet-spinning setup to form 50 to 70 µm diameter fibers with 3.2 wt.% CNF-PAN, 6.4 wt.% CNF-PAN, and neat PAN. Precursor fibers were characterized for thermal, mechanical and morphological properties using various techniques. Drawing the precursor fibers further enhanced polymer chain orientation and coalesced the voids, enhancing tensile strength and modulus by more than 150% compared to those of the undrawn fibers. Precursor composite fibers on carbonization showed enhanced strength, compared to that of pristine PAN fibers, by four times and stiffness by 14 times. The carbon–carbon composite fibers were further characterized with SEM/FIB, XRD and tensile strength. The property improvements were dependent on the uniform distribution of carbon nanofibers, and surface modification of carbon nanofibers further enabled their dispersion in the composite fibers. Furthermore, 3.2 wt.% CNFs in PAN fibers showed maximum improvement in properties compared to 6.4 wt.% CNF in PAN fibers, indicating that the property enhancements go through a maximum and then drop off due to challenge in getting uniform distribution of nanofibers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:44:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ce1a48c1dc74f8daa8750607c021b27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2731-9229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:44:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Nano |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ce1a48c1dc74f8daa8750607c021b272023-12-24T12:27:01ZengSpringerDiscover Nano2731-92292023-12-011811910.1186/s11671-023-03944-zCarbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibersNitilaksha Hiremath0Sunay Bhat1Ramiz Boy2Maria Cecilia Evora3Amit K. Naskar4Jimmy Mays5Gajanan Bhat6Center for Applied Energy Research, University of KentuckyUniversity of California LosAngelesFiber and Polymer Science, North Carolina State UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, University of TennesseeMaterials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry, University of TennesseeTextiles, Merchandising & Interiors, University of GeorgiaAbstract Textile grade polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as a precursor material for carbon fiber preparation. E-beam irradiated polyacrylonitrile grafted carbon nanofibers were dispersed in polyacrylonitrile solution (dissolved in dimethyl formamide). Carbon nanofibers (CNF) infused polyacrylonitrile solution was wet spun on a lab-scale wet-spinning setup to form 50 to 70 µm diameter fibers with 3.2 wt.% CNF-PAN, 6.4 wt.% CNF-PAN, and neat PAN. Precursor fibers were characterized for thermal, mechanical and morphological properties using various techniques. Drawing the precursor fibers further enhanced polymer chain orientation and coalesced the voids, enhancing tensile strength and modulus by more than 150% compared to those of the undrawn fibers. Precursor composite fibers on carbonization showed enhanced strength, compared to that of pristine PAN fibers, by four times and stiffness by 14 times. The carbon–carbon composite fibers were further characterized with SEM/FIB, XRD and tensile strength. The property improvements were dependent on the uniform distribution of carbon nanofibers, and surface modification of carbon nanofibers further enabled their dispersion in the composite fibers. Furthermore, 3.2 wt.% CNFs in PAN fibers showed maximum improvement in properties compared to 6.4 wt.% CNF in PAN fibers, indicating that the property enhancements go through a maximum and then drop off due to challenge in getting uniform distribution of nanofibers.https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03944-z |
| spellingShingle | Nitilaksha Hiremath Sunay Bhat Ramiz Boy Maria Cecilia Evora Amit K. Naskar Jimmy Mays Gajanan Bhat Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers Discover Nano |
| title | Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers |
| title_full | Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers |
| title_fullStr | Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers |
| title_short | Carbon nanofibers based carbon–carbon composite fibers |
| title_sort | carbon nanofibers based carbon carbon composite fibers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03944-z |
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