Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species
In this paper we have characterized the lineage of two traits associated with the coat proteins (CPs) of the tombusvirids: Silencing suppression and HR elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> species. We considered that the tombusvirid CPs might collectively be considered an effector, with the C...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/588 |
| _version_ | 1819074659499376640 |
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| author | Mustafa Adhab Carlos Angel Andres Rodriguez Mohammad Fereidouni Lóránt Király Kay Scheets James E. Schoelz |
| author_facet | Mustafa Adhab Carlos Angel Andres Rodriguez Mohammad Fereidouni Lóránt Király Kay Scheets James E. Schoelz |
| author_sort | Mustafa Adhab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper we have characterized the lineage of two traits associated with the coat proteins (CPs) of the tombusvirids: Silencing suppression and HR elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> species. We considered that the tombusvirid CPs might collectively be considered an effector, with the CP of each CP-encoding species comprising a structural variant within the family. Thus, a phylogenetic analysis of the CP could provide insight into the evolution of a pathogen effector. The phylogeny of the CP of tombusvirids indicated that CP representatives of the family could be divided into four clades. In two separate clades the CP triggered a hypersensitive response (HR) in <i>Nicotiana</i> species of section <i>Alatae</i> but did not have silencing suppressor activity. In a third clade the CP had a silencing suppressor activity but did not have the capacity to trigger HR in <i>Nicotiana</i> species. In the fourth clade, the CP did not carry either function. Our analysis illustrates how structural changes that likely occurred in the CP effector of progenitors of the current genera led to either silencing suppressor activity, HR elicitation in select <i>Nicotiana</i> species, or neither trait. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:13:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ce1c715d6064571bb7e9dd852c017df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:13:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ce1c715d6064571bb7e9dd852c017df2022-12-21T18:54:44ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-06-0111758810.3390/v11070588v11070588Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> SpeciesMustafa Adhab0Carlos Angel1Andres Rodriguez2Mohammad Fereidouni3Lóránt Király4Kay Scheets5James E. Schoelz6Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USANational Coffee Research Center-Cenicafe, Planalto, km. 4, Vía antigua Chinchiná-Manizales, Manizales (Caldes), ColombiaDivision of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USADivision of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USADepartment of Pathophysiology, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1022 Budapest, Herman Ottó str. 15, HungaryDepartment of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USADivision of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USAIn this paper we have characterized the lineage of two traits associated with the coat proteins (CPs) of the tombusvirids: Silencing suppression and HR elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> species. We considered that the tombusvirid CPs might collectively be considered an effector, with the CP of each CP-encoding species comprising a structural variant within the family. Thus, a phylogenetic analysis of the CP could provide insight into the evolution of a pathogen effector. The phylogeny of the CP of tombusvirids indicated that CP representatives of the family could be divided into four clades. In two separate clades the CP triggered a hypersensitive response (HR) in <i>Nicotiana</i> species of section <i>Alatae</i> but did not have silencing suppressor activity. In a third clade the CP had a silencing suppressor activity but did not have the capacity to trigger HR in <i>Nicotiana</i> species. In the fourth clade, the CP did not carry either function. Our analysis illustrates how structural changes that likely occurred in the CP effector of progenitors of the current genera led to either silencing suppressor activity, HR elicitation in select <i>Nicotiana</i> species, or neither trait.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/588virus effectorshost resistancehypersensitive responsevirus silencing suppressorsavirulencetombusvirids |
| spellingShingle | Mustafa Adhab Carlos Angel Andres Rodriguez Mohammad Fereidouni Lóránt Király Kay Scheets James E. Schoelz Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species Viruses virus effectors host resistance hypersensitive response virus silencing suppressors avirulence tombusvirids |
| title | Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species |
| title_full | Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species |
| title_short | Tracing the Lineage of Two Traits Associated with the Coat Protein of the <i>Tombusviridae</i>: Silencing Suppression and HR Elicitation in <i>Nicotiana</i> Species |
| title_sort | tracing the lineage of two traits associated with the coat protein of the i tombusviridae i silencing suppression and hr elicitation in i nicotiana i species |
| topic | virus effectors host resistance hypersensitive response virus silencing suppressors avirulence tombusvirids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/7/588 |
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