Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More
Proteinases like thrombin and trypsin, long known for their ability to activate the coagulation cascade or to act as digestive enzymes for many protein targets, are now recognized as hormone-like regulators of cell function. These serine proteinases activate cell signaling by triggering a novel fami...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2005-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacological Sciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861319322868 |
| _version_ | 1818921957707481088 |
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| author | Morley D. Hollenberg |
| author_facet | Morley D. Hollenberg |
| author_sort | Morley D. Hollenberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proteinases like thrombin and trypsin, long known for their ability to activate the coagulation cascade or to act as digestive enzymes for many protein targets, are now recognized as hormone-like regulators of cell function. These serine proteinases activate cell signaling by triggering a novel family of G-protein-coupled receptors, termed proteinase-activated receptors (PARs). This article summarizes the unique mechanisms involved in PAR activation and outlines the many different settings in which the PARs act to regulate tissue function. The PARs can be seen to play a role in inflammatory processes in large part via a neurogenic mechanism. Apart from activating PARs to cause their physiological effects in tissues, proteinases can also mediate cell signaling via a number of other mechanisms, including the activation of growth factor receptors, like the one for insulin. Thus, this article also points out the non-PAR mechanisms whereby proteinases can have hormone-like actions in cells and tissues. Keywords:: proteinase-activated receptor (PAR), G-protein coupled receptor, PAR-activating peptide |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T01:45:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ceaaa8e7e9243ee99f8850da057fa08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1347-8613 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T01:45:54Z |
| publishDate | 2005-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ceaaa8e7e9243ee99f8850da057fa082022-12-21T19:57:46ZengElsevierJournal of Pharmacological Sciences1347-86132005-01-01971813Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and MoreMorley D. Hollenberg0Canadian Institutes of Health Research Proteinases and Inflammation Network, Endocrine-Diabetes, Smooth Muscle and Mucosal Inflammation Groups, Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Medicine, University of Calgary, Faculty of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1; Corresponding author. FAX: 1-403-270-0979 E-mail: mhollenb@ucalgary.caProteinases like thrombin and trypsin, long known for their ability to activate the coagulation cascade or to act as digestive enzymes for many protein targets, are now recognized as hormone-like regulators of cell function. These serine proteinases activate cell signaling by triggering a novel family of G-protein-coupled receptors, termed proteinase-activated receptors (PARs). This article summarizes the unique mechanisms involved in PAR activation and outlines the many different settings in which the PARs act to regulate tissue function. The PARs can be seen to play a role in inflammatory processes in large part via a neurogenic mechanism. Apart from activating PARs to cause their physiological effects in tissues, proteinases can also mediate cell signaling via a number of other mechanisms, including the activation of growth factor receptors, like the one for insulin. Thus, this article also points out the non-PAR mechanisms whereby proteinases can have hormone-like actions in cells and tissues. Keywords:: proteinase-activated receptor (PAR), G-protein coupled receptor, PAR-activating peptidehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861319322868 |
| spellingShingle | Morley D. Hollenberg Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More Journal of Pharmacological Sciences |
| title | Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More |
| title_full | Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More |
| title_fullStr | Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More |
| title_short | Physiology and Pathophysiology of Proteinase-Activated Receptors (PARs): Proteinases as Hormone-Like Signal Messengers: PARs and More |
| title_sort | physiology and pathophysiology of proteinase activated receptors pars proteinases as hormone like signal messengers pars and more |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861319322868 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT morleydhollenberg physiologyandpathophysiologyofproteinaseactivatedreceptorsparsproteinasesashormonelikesignalmessengersparsandmore |