The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria
Background: Among the strategies of the Polio Eradication Initiative, the landmark interventions are routine immunization (RI) and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). RI is the provision of vaccination service at the health facility and conducted year-round. SIAs are a community-based inte...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2020-06-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Primary Care & Community Health |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720932698 |
| _version_ | 1819000951118233600 |
|---|---|
| author | Semeeh A. Omoleke Biniam Getachew Catherine S. Igoh Taofik A. Yusuf Surajudeen A. Lukman Nkwogu Loveday |
| author_facet | Semeeh A. Omoleke Biniam Getachew Catherine S. Igoh Taofik A. Yusuf Surajudeen A. Lukman Nkwogu Loveday |
| author_sort | Semeeh A. Omoleke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Among the strategies of the Polio Eradication Initiative, the landmark interventions are routine immunization (RI) and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). RI is the provision of vaccination service at the health facility and conducted year-round. SIAs are a community-based intervention targeting large numbers of an eligible population within a short period. Hence, the study aimed to assess the contributions of SIAs on access and utilization of RI services. Methods: We conducted the study in 10 local government areas in Kebbi State, northwestern Nigeria. We analyzed RI data from January to September 2019 and included the 4 SIAs conducted in January, April, August, and September in the same years. The number of children vaccinated, the trend of BCG, pentavalent vaccine at 6 and 10 weeks, and measles coverage and dropout rates (DORs) were analyzed. Results: For all the selected vaccines, the highest contributions to RI were recorded during the August 2019 fractional Inactivated Polio Vaccine (fIPV) campaign. On the other hand, the least contributions were noted during January SIAs. The BCG coverage showed an erratic trend with the lowest in February and highest in July 2019. The coverage for the pentavalent vaccine at 6 and 10 weeks was lowest in February and September. The pentavalent vaccine DOR pattern showed the lowest in February with value of 0% and the highest in June with 12%. Except for May and June, the Pentavalent vaccine DORs for all other months were <10%. February 2019 had the lowest measles coverage. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the integration of RI into SIAs could improve RI coverage. and potentially reduce DOR, especially when the integration is of good quality and conducted at short and regular intervals. Although SIAs are instrumental at increasing RI coverage, the disruption of RI services may occur due to overlapping resources and poor planning. Therefore, SIAs should be adequately planned by program managers to strengthen RI service delivery during the SIAs implementation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:41:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ceec22432a44c299b59c3843994114b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-1327 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Primary Care & Community Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ceec22432a44c299b59c3843994114b2022-12-21T19:24:28ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Primary Care & Community Health2150-13272020-06-011110.1177/2150132720932698The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, NigeriaSemeeh A. Omoleke0Biniam Getachew1Catherine S. Igoh2Taofik A. Yusuf3Surajudeen A. Lukman4Nkwogu Loveday5World Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaWorld Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaWorld Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaWorld Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaWorld Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Birnin Kebbi, NigeriaOffice of the Country Representative, World Health Organization, Abuja, NigeriaBackground: Among the strategies of the Polio Eradication Initiative, the landmark interventions are routine immunization (RI) and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). RI is the provision of vaccination service at the health facility and conducted year-round. SIAs are a community-based intervention targeting large numbers of an eligible population within a short period. Hence, the study aimed to assess the contributions of SIAs on access and utilization of RI services. Methods: We conducted the study in 10 local government areas in Kebbi State, northwestern Nigeria. We analyzed RI data from January to September 2019 and included the 4 SIAs conducted in January, April, August, and September in the same years. The number of children vaccinated, the trend of BCG, pentavalent vaccine at 6 and 10 weeks, and measles coverage and dropout rates (DORs) were analyzed. Results: For all the selected vaccines, the highest contributions to RI were recorded during the August 2019 fractional Inactivated Polio Vaccine (fIPV) campaign. On the other hand, the least contributions were noted during January SIAs. The BCG coverage showed an erratic trend with the lowest in February and highest in July 2019. The coverage for the pentavalent vaccine at 6 and 10 weeks was lowest in February and September. The pentavalent vaccine DOR pattern showed the lowest in February with value of 0% and the highest in June with 12%. Except for May and June, the Pentavalent vaccine DORs for all other months were <10%. February 2019 had the lowest measles coverage. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the integration of RI into SIAs could improve RI coverage. and potentially reduce DOR, especially when the integration is of good quality and conducted at short and regular intervals. Although SIAs are instrumental at increasing RI coverage, the disruption of RI services may occur due to overlapping resources and poor planning. Therefore, SIAs should be adequately planned by program managers to strengthen RI service delivery during the SIAs implementation.https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720932698 |
| spellingShingle | Semeeh A. Omoleke Biniam Getachew Catherine S. Igoh Taofik A. Yusuf Surajudeen A. Lukman Nkwogu Loveday The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria Journal of Primary Care & Community Health |
| title | The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria |
| title_full | The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria |
| title_short | The Potential Contribution of Supplementary Immunization Activities to Routine Immunization in Kebbi State, Nigeria |
| title_sort | potential contribution of supplementary immunization activities to routine immunization in kebbi state nigeria |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720932698 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT semeehaomoleke thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT biniamgetachew thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT catherinesigoh thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT taofikayusuf thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT surajudeenalukman thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT nkwoguloveday thepotentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT semeehaomoleke potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT biniamgetachew potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT catherinesigoh potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT taofikayusuf potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT surajudeenalukman potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria AT nkwoguloveday potentialcontributionofsupplementaryimmunizationactivitiestoroutineimmunizationinkebbistatenigeria |