Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles
In the European Union (EU), road transport contributes a major proportion of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, of which a significant amount is caused by heavy-duty commercial vehicles (CV). The increasing number of emission regulations and penalties by the EU have forced commercial vehicle...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Vehicles |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/5/1/5 |
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| author | Achim Kampker Heiner Heimes Benjamin Dorn Florian Brans José Guillermo Dorantes Gómez Chetan Sharma |
| author_facet | Achim Kampker Heiner Heimes Benjamin Dorn Florian Brans José Guillermo Dorantes Gómez Chetan Sharma |
| author_sort | Achim Kampker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the European Union (EU), road transport contributes a major proportion of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, of which a significant amount is caused by heavy-duty commercial vehicles (CV). The increasing number of emission regulations and penalties by the EU have forced commercial vehicle manufacturers to investigate powertrain technologies other than conventional internal combustion engines (ICE). Since vehicle economics plays an important role in purchase decisions and the powertrain of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) contributes to about 8–20% of the total vehicle cost and the electric machine (EM) alone contributes to 33–43% of the drivetrain cost, it is necessary to analyze suitable EM topologies for the powertrain. In this paper, the authors aim to analyze the technical and cost aspects of an EM for electric commercial vehicles (ECV). Based on prior research and literature on this subject, an appropriate methodology for selecting suitable geometrical parameters of an e-machine for the use case of a heavy-duty vehicle is developed using MATLAB and Simulink tools. Then, for the economic analysis of the e-machine, reference ones are used, and their design parameters and cost structures are utilized to develop a cost function. Different use cases are evaluated according to the vehicle’s application. The results for a use case are compared by varying the design parameters to find the most cost-effective EM. Later, an analysis is performed on other decisive factors for EM selection. This highlights the importance of collaborative consideration of technological as well as the economic aspects of EMs for different use cases in ECVs. The method developed in this work contributes to understand the economic aspect of EMs as well as considering their performance factors. State-of-the-art methods and research are used to develop a novel methodology that helps with the selection of the initial geometry of the electric motor during the design process, which can serve to aid future designers and converters of electric heavy-duty vehicles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:47:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5cf29078d0eb4221a2d488410b9cf5f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-8921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:47:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vehicles |
| spelling | doaj.art-5cf29078d0eb4221a2d488410b9cf5f12023-11-17T14:20:00ZengMDPI AGVehicles2624-89212023-01-0151759310.3390/vehicles5010005Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial VehiclesAchim Kampker0Heiner Heimes1Benjamin Dorn2Florian Brans3José Guillermo Dorantes Gómez4Chetan Sharma5Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyChair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, GermanyIn the European Union (EU), road transport contributes a major proportion of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, of which a significant amount is caused by heavy-duty commercial vehicles (CV). The increasing number of emission regulations and penalties by the EU have forced commercial vehicle manufacturers to investigate powertrain technologies other than conventional internal combustion engines (ICE). Since vehicle economics plays an important role in purchase decisions and the powertrain of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) contributes to about 8–20% of the total vehicle cost and the electric machine (EM) alone contributes to 33–43% of the drivetrain cost, it is necessary to analyze suitable EM topologies for the powertrain. In this paper, the authors aim to analyze the technical and cost aspects of an EM for electric commercial vehicles (ECV). Based on prior research and literature on this subject, an appropriate methodology for selecting suitable geometrical parameters of an e-machine for the use case of a heavy-duty vehicle is developed using MATLAB and Simulink tools. Then, for the economic analysis of the e-machine, reference ones are used, and their design parameters and cost structures are utilized to develop a cost function. Different use cases are evaluated according to the vehicle’s application. The results for a use case are compared by varying the design parameters to find the most cost-effective EM. Later, an analysis is performed on other decisive factors for EM selection. This highlights the importance of collaborative consideration of technological as well as the economic aspects of EMs for different use cases in ECVs. The method developed in this work contributes to understand the economic aspect of EMs as well as considering their performance factors. State-of-the-art methods and research are used to develop a novel methodology that helps with the selection of the initial geometry of the electric motor during the design process, which can serve to aid future designers and converters of electric heavy-duty vehicles.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/5/1/5design parametersPMSMe-machine coste-machine geometryelectric commercial vehicles |
| spellingShingle | Achim Kampker Heiner Heimes Benjamin Dorn Florian Brans José Guillermo Dorantes Gómez Chetan Sharma Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles Vehicles design parameters PMSM e-machine cost e-machine geometry electric commercial vehicles |
| title | Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles |
| title_full | Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles |
| title_short | Technical and Economic Analysis to Select Suitable Design Parameters of an E-Machine for Electric Commercial Vehicles |
| title_sort | technical and economic analysis to select suitable design parameters of an e machine for electric commercial vehicles |
| topic | design parameters PMSM e-machine cost e-machine geometry electric commercial vehicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8921/5/1/5 |
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